HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MISCANTHUS AS A BIOENERGY CROP: FROM SMALL BEGINNINGS TO POTENTIAL REALISATION
HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MISCANTHUS AS A BIOENERGY CROP: FROM SMALL BEGINNINGS TO POTENTIAL REALISATION
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DOI：
10.3318/bioe.2015.05
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Hastings, Astley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Clifton-Brown, John;Schwarz, Kai-Uwe;Hastings, Astley
芒属是东亚多年生C-4禾本科牧草，具有较强的生物量潜力，兼有干物质产量高、常年生长、氮素和水分高效利用、抗病能力强等特点，是主要的能源作物之一。我们回顾了欧洲芒属植物研究的历史，从1935年巨型芒属植物引入丹麦开始。在都柏林三一学院的，迈克·琼斯在爱尔兰发起了芒花研究，并在欧洲协调了一些最早的生态生理实验，从而更好地了解了这种C-4植物在温带气候中的非凡表现。其中包括1990年在爱尔兰蒂珀雷里郡的Cashel种植的第一个芒属田间试验，试验的结果被用来对MISCANMOD和克隆M.x Gigantetts的生长模型进行参数化。该模型后来发展成为一个强大而灵活的Fortran版本(MiscanFor)，现在用于预测当前和未来气候条件下不同土壤上的芒属作物表现。还简要讨论了生物能源作物的社会经济环境驱动因素最近的变化。改进芒属植物作为可再生能源的育种和农艺的长期研究方案现已达到商业成熟，有望帮助我们努力使能源生产系统去碳化，并减轻气候变化的影响。
Miscanthus, a genus of perennial C-4 grasses from Eastern Asia, has strong biomass potential, combining high dry matter yields, perennial growth, efficient use of nitrogen and water and good disease resistance, making it one of the leading energy crops. We recount the history of Miscanthus research in Europe, starting with the introduction of giganteus' in 1935 to Denmark. In 1989 Mike Jones, of Trinity College Dublin, initiated Miscanthus research in Ireland and coordinated field trials in Europe in some of the earliest eco-physiological experiments that led to a better understanding of the exceptional performance of this C-4 plant in temperate climates. These included the first Miscanthus field trial in Ireland, planted in 1990 in Cashel, County Tipperary, the output of which was used to parameterise the growth model MISCANMOD with the clone M. x gigantetts. This model was developed later into a powerful and flexible Fortran version (MiscanFor) that is now used to predict Miscanthus crop performance in different soils under current and future climate conditions. A brief discussion of the recent changes in the socio-economic-environment drivers for bio-energy crops is also included. The long term research programmes for improving the breeding and agronomy of Miscanthus as a renewable energy source are now reaching commercial maturity and will hopefully aid in our attempts to de-carbonise energy producing systems and to mitigate the impacts of climate change.