Exploring within- and between-gender differences in burnout: 8 different occupational groups
Exploring within- and between-gender differences in burnout: 8 different occupational groups
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DOI：
10.1007/s00420-011-0667-y
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Aasland, Olaf Gjerlow
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Innstrand, Siw Tone;Langballe, Ellen Melbye;Aasland, Olaf Gjerlow
目的 本研究的目的是使用潜在均值分析来检查职业内部和职业之间倦怠的性别差异。方法使用奥尔登堡倦怠量表（OLBI）测量倦怠，旨在评估疲惫和脱离两个子维度。挪威八个不同职业群体的男性和女性接受了调查：律师、医生、护士、教师、教堂牧师、公交车司机以及广告和信息技术从业人员 (n = 4,965)。平均年龄为 42 岁（SD 10.8），50.5% 的受访者为女性。借助 LISREL，通过多组潜在均值分析来检查性别内和性别间差异。 结果 证明了男性和女性在倦怠的两个维度上存在显着的潜在均值差异。总的来说，分析表明，总体而言，女性比男性更疲惫，但没有更多的脱离感。然而，单独的分析表明，不同职业群体的性别差异有所不同，特别是在脱离维度方面。性别内分析表明，男性和女性在不同职业群体中的倦怠状况大致相似。 结论 尽管社会总体上性别平等，而且之前关于倦怠性别差异的研究还没有得出结论，但本研究中的女性似乎比男性经历了略高的倦怠水平。职业倦怠概况中发现的职业差异表明，某些职业可能比其他职业更容易出现职业倦怠。对于风险最大的职业群体，需要更多的研究来揭示可能使这些工人比其他人更容易出现倦怠的潜在组织因素。
Objectives The aim of this study was to examine gender differences in burnout within and between occupations using latent mean analysis.Methods Burnout was measured using the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), designed to assess the two sub-dimension exhaustion and disengagement. Men and women from eight different occupational groups in Norway were investigated: lawyers, physicians, nurses, teachers, church ministers, bus drivers and people working in advertising and information technology (n = 4,965). The average age was 42 years (SD 10.8), and 50.5% of the respondents were female. Within- and between-gender differences were examined by multi-group latent mean analysis by means of LISREL.Results Significant latent mean differences in the two dimensions of burnout between men and women were demonstrated. In general, the analyses indicate that overall, women report more exhaustion, but not more disengagement, than men. However, separate analyses indicate that the gender differences vary across occupational groups, especially for the disengagement dimension. Within- gender analyses suggest an approximately similar burnout profile across occupational groups for men and women.Conclusions Despite gender equality in society in general, and inconclusive findings in previous studies on gender differences in burnout, women in this study seem to experience slightly higher burnout levels than men. Occupational differences found in the burnout profiles indicate that some professions may be more prone to burnout than others. For the occupational groups most at risk, more research is needed to disclose potential organizational factors that may make these workers more prone to burnout than others.