Membrane-Binding Biomolecules Influence the Rate of Vesicle Exchange between Bacteria
Membrane-Binding Biomolecules Influence the Rate of Vesicle Exchange between Bacteria
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.01346-22
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发表时间：
2022-11-07
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Boedicker，James Q.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tran，Frances;Gangan，Manasi S.;Boedicker，James Q.
细菌胞外囊泡的交换促进了细胞间的分子交换，包括遗传物质的水平转移。考虑到这些转移事件对细胞生理和适应性的影响，一些细菌细胞可能已经进化出调节囊泡交换的机制。过去的工作已经确定了影响细胞外囊泡形成的机制，包括调节膜结构的小分子的产生；然而，这些机制是否也调节囊泡摄取并对囊泡交换率产生总体影响尚不清楚。在这里，我们表明微生物产生的膜结合分子影响细胞外囊泡的形成和摄取，并在细菌共培养中增加囊泡交换率的总体影响。实际上，增加囊泡交换率的化合物的产生促进了邻近细胞之间的基因交换。证明了几种膜结合化合物增加囊泡交换的能力。其中三种化合物，乳酸链球菌素，粘菌素和多粘菌素B，是在亚抑制浓度下添加的抗菌肽。这些结果表明，外源性化合物结合膜的潜在功能可能是调节细胞间的囊泡交换。细菌细胞外囊泡的交换是细菌间基因转移的一种途径，尽管尚不清楚细菌是否发展出调节囊泡内基因转移速率的策略。在真核生物中，有许多特殊分子的例子，它们已经进化到促进囊泡的产生、装载和摄取。最近对细菌的研究表明，一些小分子影响膜曲率并诱导囊泡形成。在这里，我们表明类似的化合物促进囊泡摄取，从而增加细菌群体内囊泡交换的总体速率。在细菌共培养中加入膜结合化合物，其中一些是亚抑制浓度的抗生素，增加了通过囊泡交换的水平基因转移的速度。
The exchange of bacterial extracellular vesicles facilitates molecular exchange between cells, including the horizontal transfer of genetic material. Given the implications of such transfer events on cell physiology and adaptation, some bacterial cells have likely evolved mechanisms to regulate vesicle exchange. Past work has identified mechanisms that influence the formation of extracellular vesicles, including the production of small molecules that modulate membrane structure; however, whether these mechanisms also modulate vesicle uptake and have an overall impact on the rate of vesicle exchange is unknown. Here, we show that membrane-binding molecules produced by microbes influence both the formation and uptake of extracellular vesicles and have the overall impact of increasing the vesicle exchange rate within a bacterial coculture. In effect, production of compounds that increase vesicle exchange rates encourage gene exchange between neighboring cells. The ability of several membrane-binding compounds to increase vesicle exchange was demonstrated. Three of these compounds, nisin, colistin, and polymyxin B, are antimicrobial peptides added at sub-inhibitory concentrations. These results suggest that a potential function of exogenous compounds that bind to membranes may be the regulation of vesicle exchange between cells.IMPORTANCEThe exchange of bacterial extracellular vesicles is one route of gene transfer between bacteria, although it was unclear if bacteria developed strategies to modulate the rate of gene transfer within vesicles. In eukaryotes, there are many examples of specialized molecules that have evolved to facilitate the production, loading, and uptake of vesicles. Recent work with bacteria has shown that some small molecules influence membrane curvature and induce vesicle formation. Here, we show that similar compounds facilitate vesicle uptake, thereby increasing the overall rate of vesicle exchange within bacterial populations. The addition of membrane-binding compounds, several of them antibiotics at subinhibitory concentrations, to a bacterial coculture increased the rate of horizontal gene transfer via vesicle exchange.