Floral development and the formation of functionally unisexual flowers in Xanthoceras sorbifolium (Sapindaceae), a morphologically andromonoecious tree endemic to northern China
Floral development and the formation of functionally unisexual flowers in Xanthoceras sorbifolium (Sapindaceae), a morphologically andromonoecious tree endemic to northern China
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文冠果（无患子科）花的发育和功能性单性花的形成，一种形态上中国北方特有的雌雄同花树
DOI：
10.1007/s00468-019-01879-6
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发表时间：
2019-12
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Mao Jianfeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhou Qingyuan;Cai Qingyuan;Zheng Yuanrun;Wu Zhiyan;Mao Jianfeng
关键信息文冠苋表面上是雌雄同株的，但实际上却表现出一种隐性的雌雄同株的繁殖系统。雄花和功能雌花的性别分化发生在开花前2周。摘要文冠果（Xanthoceras sorbifolium）单株树形态上为雌雄花，功能上为雌花，性别表达不稳定。花发育的研究对于认识育种系统和阐明系统关系具有重要意义。利用扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜对雄花和两性花的发育进行了研究。花发育的早期阶段基本相同，所有的花器官原基都是在两种花中开始的。随后，两性花的雄蕊和雄花的雌蕊发生败育。我们把花的发育分为九个阶段。雄花和两性花的形态差异最早出现在第8期，雌花的花柱明显伸长，柱头乳头开始扩大，雄花则没有。胚珠发育在大孢子母细胞形成后不久或雄花减数分裂期间停止，而雌花发育异常。山梨花两性花在形态上不具有雄性功能，在功能上为雌性。花发育性状的比较不支持中国单型属黄原果从皂荚科分离出来。
Key messageXanthoceras sorbifolium is apparently andromonoecious but exhibits a cryptically monoecious breeding system. Sexual differentiation in male and functional female flowers occurs 2 weeks before flowering.AbstractIndividual trees of Xanthoceras sorbifolium bear male and morphologically bisexual flowers but functionally female flowers, and show labile sex expression. Investigations of the floral development are of significant value for understanding the breeding system and elucidating the systematic relationships. We studied floral development of male and bisexual flowers using scanning electron and light microscopy. The early stages of floral development were essentially the same, and all floral organ primordia were initiated in the two types of flowers of X. sorbifolium. Later, the stamens in bisexual flowers and the gynoecium in male flowers were aborted. We divided floral development into nine stages. Morphological differences between male and bisexual flowers appeared first at stage 8, when the style elongated obviously and the stigma papillae began to expand in the bisexual flowers but not in the male flowers. Ovule development was arrested shortly after formation of megaspore mother cells or during meiosis in the male flowers, whereas anther development was aberrant in the bisexual flowers. Morphologically bisexual flowers of X. sorbifolium do not have male function and are functionally female. Comparison of floral developmental characters did not support the separation of the Chinese monotypic genus Xanthoceras from the family Sapindaceae.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Gagliardi KB;Cordeiro I;Demarco D
通讯作者：
Demarco D
DOI：
10.1007/978-981-16-4775-8_35
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Biodiesel from Flowering Plants
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. P. Raj;Pravin Raj Solomon;Baskar Thangaraj
通讯作者：
S. P. Raj;Pravin Raj Solomon;Baskar Thangaraj
影响因子：
3
作者：
Lucia G. Le Roux;Elizabeth A. Kellogg
通讯作者：
Lucia G. Le Roux;Elizabeth A. Kellogg
DOI：
10.2307/2806989
发表时间：
1986
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Wyatt;Allan J. Richards
通讯作者：
R. Wyatt;Allan J. Richards
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Yi-Bo Luo;Jingya Yu;Z. Tong;Hong-Bo Zhao
通讯作者：
Yi-Bo Luo;Jingya Yu;Z. Tong;Hong-Bo Zhao