Prevalence of Salmonella spp., and serovars isolated from captive exotic reptiles in New Zealand
Prevalence of Salmonella spp., and serovars isolated from captive exotic reptiles in New Zealand
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DOI：
10.1080/00480169.2011.579246
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Motion, E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kikillus, K. H.;Gartrell, B. D.;Motion, E.
目的：调查新西兰圈养的外来爬行动物中沙门氏菌的流行情况，并对该种群分离的血清型进行鉴定。方法：从2008年至2009年期间居住在新西兰25个收集点的378种圈养的外来爬行动物（24种）中获得了排泄拭子。样品进行沙门氏菌培养，环境科学与研究所（ESR）对可疑菌落进行血清分型。结果：378只爬行动物样本中有43只（11.4%）检测出沙门氏菌阳性，该研究种群中外来爬行动物估计真实患病率的95%置信区间为12-25%。蜥蜴的沙门氏菌检测呈阳性比龟类更常见。Agamid蜥蜴比任何其他家族群体更常检测出阳性，估计真实患病率的95% CI为56-100%。从I亚种分离出6株沙门氏菌血清型，从II亚种分离出2株沙门氏菌血清型。最常见的血清型是S. Onderstepoort(30.2%)，其次是S. Thompson（20.9%）、S. Potsdam（14%）、S. Wangata（14%）、S. Infantis（11.6%）和S. Eastbourne（2.3%）。所有I亚种血清型先前在新西兰的爬行动物和人类中都有报道，其中包括先前与人类疾病相关的血清型。结论和临床意义：本研究表明，沙门氏菌属在新西兰研究种群的外来爬行动物中普遍携带。已分离出几种已知对人类具有致病性的沙门氏菌血清型，其中包括在新西兰从人类和非人类来源分离出的最常见的沙门氏菌血清型之一——婴儿沙门氏菌。本研究的局限性包括由于需要自愿参与研究和非随机抽样设计而产生的偏差。基于本研究和以往的研究，建议将本地爬行动物和外来爬行动物分开，特别是当本地爬行动物可能用于生物多样性恢复时。建议兽医和爬行动物饲养者遵守为尽量减少与爬行动物有关的沙门氏菌病而制定的卫生规程。
AIM: To investigate the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in captive exotic reptile species in New Zealand, and identify the serovars isolated from this population.METHODS: Cloacal swabs were obtained from 378 captive exotic reptiles, representing 24 species, residing in 25 collections throughout New Zealand between 2008 and 2009. Samples were cultured for Salmonella spp., and suspected colonies were serotyped by the Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR).RESULTS: Forty-three of the 378 (11.4%) reptiles sampled tested positive for Salmonella spp., with 95% CI for the estimated true prevalence being 12-25% in exotic reptiles in this study population. Lizards tested positive for Salmonella spp. more often than chelonians. Agamid lizards tested positive more often than any other family group, with 95% CI for the estimated true prevalence being 56-100%.. Six Salmonella serovars from subspecies I and two from subspecies II were isolated. The serovar most commonly isolated was S. Onderstepoort (30.2%), followed by S. Thompson (20.9%), S. Potsdam (14%), S. Wangata (14%), S. Infantis (11.6%) and S. Eastbourne (2.3%). All of the subspecies I serovars have been previously reported in both reptiles and humans in New Zealand, and include serovars previously associated with disease in humans.CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study showed that Salmonella spp. were commonly carried by exotic reptiles in the study population in New Zealand. Several serovars of Salmonella spp. with known pathogenicity to humans were isolated, including S. Infantis, which is one of the most common serovars isolated from both humans and non-human sources in New Zealand. The limitations of this study included the bias engendered by the need for voluntary involvement in the study, and the non-random sampling design. Based on the serovars identified in this and previous studies, it is recommended native and exotic reptiles be segregated within collections, especially when native reptiles may be used for biodiversity restoration. Veterinarians and reptile keepers are advised to follow hygiene protocols developed to minimise reptile-associated salmonellosis.