T Cell Activation in South African HIV-Exposed Infants Correlates with Ochratoxin A Exposure.
T Cell Activation in South African HIV-Exposed Infants Correlates with Ochratoxin A Exposure.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2017.01857
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Sodora DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wood LF;Wood MP;Fisher BS;Jaspan HB;Sodora DL
向感染艾滋病毒的婴儿引入非母乳食品与免疫激活水平的提高有关，这可能会影响艾滋病毒疾病的进展速度。在艾滋病毒母婴传播仍处于不可接受水平的国家，这一点尤其重要。这项研究的目的是评估接受母乳喂养或食用非母乳食品的感染艾滋病毒的南非婴儿体内有毒食品污染物赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)的水平。OTA是一种常见的真菌毒素，存在于谷物和土壤中，高剂量时有毒，但低剂量时具有免疫调节特性。在前瞻性观察队列研究中登记的暴露于艾滋病毒和未暴露于艾滋病毒的婴儿的样本在出生时至14 周龄期间被收集和分析。我们观察到，与母乳喂养的婴儿相比，食用非母乳食品的婴儿在6 周龄时的血浆总抗氧化能力水平显著高于母乳喂养的婴儿，并一直持续到8 周龄。检测到的OTA血液水平与OTA流行社区中观察到的水平相当。OTA血浆水平与HIV靶细胞激活(CD4+T细胞上CCR5和HLADR表达)以及血浆炎症细胞因子CXCL10水平相关。这些发现提供了证据，表明南非婴儿的OTA水平升高与非母乳食品的消费和免疫系统的激活有关。减少婴儿接触OTA有可能减少免疫激活并提供健康益处，特别是在那些接触艾滋病毒或感染艾滋病毒的婴儿中。
The introduction of non-breastmilk foods to HIV-infected infants is associated with increased levels of immune activation, which can impact the rate of HIV disease progression. This is particularly relevant in countries where mother-to-child transmission of HIV still occurs at unacceptable levels. The goal of this study was to evaluate the levels of the toxic food contaminant ochratoxin A (OTA) in HIV-exposed South African infants that are either breastfed or consuming non-breast milk foods. OTA is a common mycotoxin, found in grains and soil, which is toxic at high doses but has immunomodulatory properties at lower doses. Samples from HIV-exposed and HIV-unexposed infants enrolled in prospective observational cohort studies were collected and analyzed at birth through 14 weeks of age. We observed that infants consuming non-breast milk foods had significantly higher plasma levels of OTA at 6 weeks of age compared to breastfed infants, increasing until 8 weeks of age. The blood levels of OTA detected were comparable to levels observed in OTA-endemic communities. OTA plasma levels correlated with HIV target cell activation (CCR5 and HLADR expression on CD4+ T cells) and plasma levels of the inflammatory cytokine CXCL10. These findings provide evidence that elevated OTA levels in South African infants are associated with the consumption of non-breastmilk foods and activation of the immune system. Reducing infant OTA exposure has the potential to reduce immune activation and provide health benefits, particularly in those infants who are HIV-exposed or HIV-infected.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Coutsoudis, A;Pillay, K;Newell, ML
通讯作者：
Newell, ML
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3.8
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Bobat, R;Moodley, D;Coovadia, H
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Coovadia, H
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de Cerain, AL
影响因子：
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Hestbjerg, H
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8
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Gasper, Melanie A.;Hesseling, Anneke C.;Jaspan, Heather B.
通讯作者：
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