A proposed framework for accelerating technology trajectories in agriculture: a case study in China
A proposed framework for accelerating technology trajectories in agriculture: a case study in China
复制标题
DOI：
10.15302/j-fase-2018244
复制
发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Frewer, Lynn J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clark, Beth;Jones, Glyn D.;Frewer, Lynn J.
精准农业技术在促进粮食生产的可持续集约化、确保有针对性地提供农业投入，从而确保粮食安全和环境保护方面具有巨大潜力。PA技术的好处适用于全球范围内广泛的农艺、环境和农村社会经济背景。然而，中低收入国家的农民和土地管理者采用这一技术的速度通常比较富裕国家慢。中国目前正在进行农业现代化进程，以确保其14亿人口的粮食安全，并制定了一系列旨在改善粮食安全的政策，同时促进环境保护。特别注意减少化肥和杀虫剂等农业投入。PA技术在中国农业领域的广泛采用是这些政策成功的关键。然而，社会经济和文化障碍、农场规模（特别是小型家庭农场的普遍存在）和农村人口的人口变化（例如，年轻人向城市流动）是中国采用PA的障碍。提出了一个确保可接受的和加速的PA技术轨迹的框架，该框架结合了对农民和最终用户在整个技术开发过程中的技术设计优先事项和偏好的系统理解，以及随后最终用户对实施的要求（包括经济和农艺效益的展示，以及知识转让）。未来的研究将验证框架对定性和定量的社会经济，文化和农艺指标的成功，或否则，PA的实施。研究结果将为制定进一步的政策提供证据，这些政策涉及如何确保可持续的粮食生产以及如何最好地在中国实施PA，以及优化最终用户吸收的实用建议。
Precision agriculture (PA) technologies have great potential for promoting sustainable intensification of food production, ensuring targeted delivery of agricultural inputs, and hence food security and environmental protection. The benefits of PA technologies are applicable across a broad range of agronomic, environmental and rural socio-economic contexts globally. However, farmer and land-manager adoption in low to middle income countries has typically been slower than that observed in more affluent countries. China is currently engaged in the process of agricultural modernisation to ensure food security for its 1.4 billion population and has developed a portfolio of policies designed to improve food security, while simultaneously promoting environmental protection. Particular attention has been paid to the reduction of agricultural inputs such as fertilisers and pesticides. The widespread adoption of PA technologies across the Chinese agricultural landscape is central to the success of these policies. However, socio-economic and cultural barriers, farm scale, (in particular the prevalence of smaller family farms) and demographic changes in the rural population, (for example, the movement of younger people to the cities) represent barriers to PA adoption across China. A framework for ensuring an acceptable and accelerated PA technology trajectory is proposed which combines systematic understanding of farmer and end-user priorities and preferences for technology design throughout the technology development process, and subsequent end-user requirements for implementation (including demonstration of economic and agronomic benefits, and knowledge transfer). Future research will validate the framework against qualitative and quantitative socioeconomic, cultural and agronomic indicators of successful, or otherwise, PA implementation. The results will provide the evidence upon which to develop further policies regarding how to secure sustainable food production and how best to implement PA in China, as well as practical recommendations for optimising end-user uptake.