GOD'S HEALING LEAVES: THE COLONIAL QUEST FOR MEDICINAL PLANTS IN THE TORRID ZONE.
GOD'S HEALING LEAVES: THE COLONIAL QUEST FOR MEDICINAL PLANTS IN THE TORRID ZONE.
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上帝的治愈叶子：热带地区对药用植物的殖民探索。
DOI：
10.1111/gere.12291
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Greene,Charlotte
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Voeks,Robert;Greene,Charlotte
殖民时代见证了欧洲医生和科学家对外来药用植物的狂热追求。这篇文章探讨了地理学原理，这些原理引导了对潮湿热带地区的土地和人民的探索。药用植物采集者相信上帝在植物的原产地种植了治疗疾病的植物，他们把精力集中在瘟疫肆虐的赤道纬度地区。虽然许多人赞同古老的签名理论，但殖民生物勘探者很早就发现，土著和散居人民代表着植物知识的宝库。欧洲人认为土著人的知识更多地是本能而不是智力，因此他们使用胁迫、贿赂、酷刑和自由的承诺来获取他们的民族医学秘密。在特别有利可图的治疗植物的情况下，帝国和殖民实体合谋窃取和归化其遥远殖民地的特有物种。为了应对殖民时代对土著人民和热带植物的不适当开发，大多数现代生物勘探者遵循既定的民族植物学道德守则。
The colonial era witnessed a fevered quest for exotic medicinal plants by European physicians and scientists. This essay explores the geographical principles that oriented the search towards the lands and peoples of the humid tropics. Believing that God had planted botanical cures for diseases in their places of origin, medicinal plant collectors concentrated their efforts in the pestilential equatorial latitudes. Although many subscribed to the ancient Doctrine of Signatures, colonial bioprospectors discovered early that indigenous and diasporic peoples represented storehouses of plant knowledge. Assuming that native knowhow constituted more instinct than intelligence, Europeans employed coercion, bribes, torture, and promises of freedom to extract their ethnomedical secrets. In the case of especially lucrative healing plants, imperial and colonial entities conspired to pilfer and naturalize endemic species in their distant colonies. In response to this legacy of inappropriate exploitation of native peoples and tropical plants during the colonial era, most present day bioprospectors follow established codes of ethnobotanical ethics.