Prx-1 expression in Xenopus laevis scarless skin-wound healing and its resemblance to epimorphic regeneration.
Prx-1 expression in Xenopus laevis scarless skin-wound healing and its resemblance to epimorphic regeneration.
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DOI：
10.1038/jid.2011.223
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发表时间：
2011-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Yokoyama;T. Maruoka;Akio Aruga;T. Amano;Shiro Ohgo;T. Shiroishi;K. Tamura
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文献类型：
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作者：
H. Yokoyama;T. Maruoka;Akio Aruga;T. Amano;Shiro Ohgo;T. Shiroishi;K. Tamura
尽管临床强烈需要诱导无疤痕伤口愈合，但完成它所需的分子因素尚不清楚。虽然成年哺乳动物的皮肤伤口愈合通常会留下疤痕，但一些两栖动物可以再生受伤的身体部位，甚至是截肢的肢体，而不会留下疤痕。为了了解再生四足动物皮肤伤口完美愈合的机制，我们研究了实验性皮肤切除后成年非洲爪蟾“小青蛙”的愈合过程。我们发现青蛙爪的切除伤口完全愈合，没有疤痕。表达同源盒基因prx1的单个核细胞在肢体和躯干皮肤伤口的新表皮下以及再生肢体上积累。在表达小鼠肢体特异性增强子报告基因的转基因xenopusfroglets中，在愈合的皮肤和再生的肢体中可以观察到活性。在成年小鼠的皮肤伤口愈合中没有类似的活性。我们的研究结果表明，无疤痕的皮肤伤口愈合可能需要激活prx1肢体增强剂，而激活增强剂的能力可能是外胚再生（如肢体再生）的先决条件。最后，诱导这种prx1增强子活性可能作为治疗性诱导的哺乳动物无疤痕伤口愈合的可靠标记物。
Despite a strong clinical need for inducing scarless wound healing, the molecular factors required to accomplish it are unknown. Although skin-wound healing in adult mammals often results in scarring, some amphibians can regenerate injured body parts, even an amputated limb, without it. To understand the mechanisms of perfect skin-wound healing in regenerative tetrapods, we studied the healing process in young adultXenopus“froglets” after experimental skin excision. We found that the excision wound healed completely inXenopusfroglets, without scarring. Mononuclear cells expressing a homeobox gene,prx1, accumulated under the new epidermis of skin wounds on the limb and trunk and at the regenerating limb. In transgenicXenopusfroglets expressing a reporter for the mouseprx1limb-specific enhancer, activity was seen in the healing skin and in the regenerating limb. Comparable activity did not accompany skin-wound healing in adult mice. Our results suggest that scarless skin-wound healing may require activation of theprx1limb enhancer, and competence to activate the enhancer is probably a prerequisite for epimorphic regeneration, such as limb regeneration. Finally, the induction of thisprx1enhancer activity may be useful as a reliable marker for therapeutically induced scarless wound healing in mammals.