A 7-Yr Climatology of the Initiation, Decay, and Morphology of Severe Convective Storms during the Warm Season over North China
A 7-Yr Climatology of the Initiation, Decay, and Morphology of Severe Convective Storms during the Warm Season over North China
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DOI：
10.1175/mwr-d-20-0087.1
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发表时间：
2021-08-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Yang, Xinlin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ma, Ruoyun;Sun, Jianhua;Yang, Xinlin
利用2011- 2018年暖季（除2014年外）华北地区强对流风暴（SCS）的发生、衰减和形态特征，建立了7年的气候学资料。这是通过使用恶劣天气报告，降水观测和复合多普勒雷达反射率数据实现的。共确定了371个SCS。在太行山高海拔地区，SCS主要在中午前后产生，频率最高，在平原地区，SCS主要在夜间衰减。风暴形态分为三种类型的细胞风暴（单个细胞，细胞集群，和虚线），六种类型的线性系统（对流线没有层状，与尾随层状，领先层状，平行层状，嵌入线，和弓形回波），和非线性系统。研究了与这些地形有关的短时强降水、冰雹和雷暴大风等三种强对流天气。从371个卫星云图中，共提取了1429个气象样本，与15966个强对流天气报告有关。非线性系统是最常见的形态，其次是细胞簇。最常见的线状形态是对流线与拖尾层状。线性（非线性）系统产生的最短持续时间的强降雨（冰雹和雷暴大风）的报告。弓形回波在产生短时暴雨和雷暴大风报告方面效率最高，而虚线产生冰雹的效率最高。本研究的结果有助于当地预报员更好地预测风暴类型和相关的危险天气。
The present work established a 7-yr climatology of the initiation, decay, and morphology of severe convective storms (SCSs) during the warm seasons (May-September) of 2011-18 (except 2014) over North China. This was achieved by using severe weather reports, precipitation observations, and composite Doppler radar reflectivity data. A total of 371 SCSs were identified. SCSs primarily initiated around noon with the highest frequency over the high terrain of Mount Taihang, and they mostly decayed over the plains at night. The storm morphologies were classified into three types of cellular storms (individual cells, clusters of cells, and broken lines), six types of linear systems (convective lines with no stratiform, with trailing stratiform, leading stratiform, parallel stratiform, embedded lines, and bow echoes), and nonlinear systems. Three types of severe convective weather, namely, short-duration heavy rainfall, hail, and thunderstorm high winds, associated with these morphologies were investigated. A total of 1429 morphology samples from the 371 SCSs were found to be responsible for 15 966 severe convective weather reports. Nonlinear systems were the most frequent morphology, followed by clusters of cells. Convective lines with trailing stratiform were the most frequent linear morphology. Linear (nonlinear) systems produced the most short-duration heavy rainfall (hail and thunderstorm high wind) reports. Bow echoes were most efficient in producing both short-duration heavy rainfall and thunderstorm high wind reports whereas broken lines had the highest efficiency for hail production. The results in the present study are helpful for local forecasters to better anticipate the storm types and associated hazardous weather.