A sense of unfairness reduces charitable giving to a third -party: Evidence from behavioral and electrophysiological data
A sense of unfairness reduces charitable giving to a third -party: Evidence from behavioral and electrophysiological data
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不公平感会减少对第三方的慈善捐赠：来自行为和电生理学数据的证据
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107443
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Li, Peng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu, Qiang;Yang, Shiyao;Li, Peng
不公平普遍影响着人类的经济决策。然而，人们对不平等厌恶是否会损害亲社会决策和相应的神经过程知之甚少。在这里，我们进行了两个实验，以考察人类的送礼行为和大脑活动是否受到不公平厌恶的影响。在实验1中，参与者扮演一个联合捐赠游戏的响应者，在游戏中，他们被要求决定是否接受倡议者提出的捐赠建议。在实验2中，参与者玩了一个与实验1类似的捐赠游戏，但慈善项目被归类为高值得度项目和低值得度项目。两个实验的结果都表明，参与者更有可能拒绝不公平的捐赠建议，并且无论慈善是否值得，公平捐赠引发的晚期积极潜力(LPP)/P300都比中度不公平和高度不公平的捐赠更积极。此外，经过主成分分析，公平和高度不公平条件下的P300波幅差异与实验2中的接受率呈正相关。综上所述，我们的研究发现，晚期积极度(LPP/P300)反映了对提案公平性的评价，并可以预测后续的亲社会决策。这项研究首次证明，不公平厌恶会降低帮助无辜第三方的亲社会动机。
Unfairness commonly impacts human economic decision-making. However, whether inequity aversion impairs pro-social decisions and the corresponding neural processes, is poorly understood. Here, we conducted two experiments to investigate whether human gifting behavior and brain activity are affected by inequity aversion. In experiment 1, participants played as a responder in a joint donation game in which they were asked to decide whether or not to accept a donation proposal made by the proposer. In experiment 2, participants played a donation game similar to experiment 1, but the charity projects were classified as high-deservingness and low-deservingness projects. The results in both of two experiments showed that the participants were more likely to reject an unfair donation proposal and the late positivity potential (LPP)/P300 elicited by fair offers was more positive than moderately unfair and highly unfair offers regardless of charity deservingness. Moreover, after principal component analysis, the differences in P300 amplitude between fair and highly unfair conditions were positively correlated with the acceptance rates in experiment 2. Taken together, our study revealed that late positivity (LPP/P300) reflected the evaluation of fairness of proposals, and could predict subsequent pro-social decisions. This study is the first to demonstrate that inequity aversion reduces pro-social motivation to help innocent third party.