Disparate Postnatal Ontogenies Do Not Add to the Shape Disparity of Infants
Disparate Postnatal Ontogenies Do Not Add to the Shape Disparity of Infants
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不同的产后个体发育不会增加婴儿的体形差异
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
D. L. Swiderski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Zelditch;Zachary T. Calamari;D. L. Swiderski
将个体发育的研究与差异的分析相结合，可以揭示差异的起源以及为什么它在群体之间存在差异的重要和令人惊讶的见解。一个这样的潜在的令人惊讶的见解是，差异可能是恒定的个体发育，即使物种不同的速度和时间的发展和在他们的个体发育的变化形状。对灵长类动物和啮齿类动物的几项研究得出结论认为，差异是在产前产生的，尽管有些研究得出结论认为，差异是在产后产生的。然而，无论是恒定性还是个体发育差异的增加都没有被严格记录在灵长类动物或啮齿类动物中。对于一个小样本的啮齿动物，我们表明，物种不同，在他们的出生后个体发育，但婴儿既不多也不少不同的成年人和主要尺寸的差异区分的主要分支也没有改变。差异水平及其主要方面的恒定性主要不是由于出生后差异的微妙性。这些差异确实是微妙的，但个体发育的形状变化的方向上的差异仍然足以显着增加形状差异。出生后差异不会增加，主要是因为个体发育不是严格线性的;出生后产生的差异抵消了早期产生的差异。什么限制了差距的逐步积累是个体发育轨迹的曲率，曲率可能是由于骨沉积和吸收率的空间分布的个体发育变化。
Integrating studies of ontogeny with analyses of disparity can reveal important and surprising insights into the origins of disparity and why it varies among groups. One such potentially surprising insight is that disparity could be constant over ontogeny even though species differ in both rates and timings of development and in their ontogenetic changes in shape. Several studies of both primates and rodents have concluded that disparity is generated prenatally although some have concluded that it arises postnatally. However, neither constancy nor an ontogenetic increase in disparity has been ever been rigorously documented for either primates or rodents. For a small sample of rodents, we show that species differ in their postnatal ontogenies but infants are neither more nor less disparate than adults and the major dimensions of disparity distinguishing the main clades also do not change. The constancy in both the level of disparity and its main dimensions does not result primarily from the subtlety of postnatal differences. Those differences are indeed subtle but the disparity in directions of ontogenetic shape change is nonetheless sufficient to increase shape disparity significantly. Disparity does not increase postnatally primarily because ontogenies are not strictly linear; disparity generated postnatally counteracts that produced earlier. What limits the progressive accumulation of disparity is the curvature of ontogenetic trajectories, a curvature presumably due to ontogenetic changes in the spatial distribution of rates of bone deposition and resorption.