Editorial overview: Recent advances in antimicrobial drug discovery and resistance.
Editorial overview: Recent advances in antimicrobial drug discovery and resistance.
复制标题
编辑概述：抗菌药物发现和耐药性的最新进展。
DOI：
10.1016/j.mib.2022.102242
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Lee,RichardE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rogers,PDavid;Lee,RichardE
抗菌剂的发现、开发和使用是人类最重要的科学成就之一。近世纪来，文明社会的传染病发病率和死亡率比人类历史上任何其他时期都要低得多。然而，鉴于微生物的巨大进化能力，抗生素的过度使用，以及新抗感染药物的发现和开发速度的下降，我们发现自己进入了后抗生素时代，因为对抗感染药物的耐药性越来越多地影响临床护理。[1]发现和开发新的抗菌剂的需求从未如此迫切。[2，3]此外，为了保护和有时回收抗感染药物的使用，我们必须提高我们对抗感染耐药性和药物耐受性的分子和遗传机制的理解，并学会更明智和有效地使用这些药物。对于这一版的抗菌药物，我们收集了一些最重要的科学家和思想领袖的意见，他们回顾了抗菌药物和抗真菌药物发现和耐药性的各个领域。在这一期，针对和开发治疗细菌感染的药物的挑战在一篇研究抵抗-结瘤-分裂（RND）的生理作用的评论文章中进行了探讨超家族药物外排泵对许多抗生素类的革兰氏阴性耐药性至关重要。[4]在综述中，Zgurskaya等人探索了这些外排泵的天然功能。RND泵分为三类：组成型表达、调节型和沉默型。它们的差异表达对于细胞内的小分子积累至关重要。然而，RND泵转运的特定生理底物在很大程度上仍然不清楚。了解RND药物外排转运蛋白及其自然功能将为革兰氏阴性药物发现提供可操作的信息。[五]《中国日报》
The discovery, development, and use of antimicrobials represent one of humankind’s most significant scientific achievements. For nearly a century, civilization has enjoyed significantly lower morbidity and mortality rates from infectious diseases than at any other time in human history. However, given the tremendous evolutionary capacity of microbes, overuse of antibiotics, and the declining rate of discovery and development of new antiinfective agents, we find ourselves entering the post-antibiotic era as resistance to our anti-infective armamentarium increasingly impacts clinical care.[1] The need for discovering and developing new antimicrobials has never been more critical.[2, 3] Moreover, to preserve and sometimes reclaim the use of anti-infectives, we must advance our understanding of the molecular and genetic mechanisms underpinning anti-infective resistance and drug tolerance and learn to use these agents more judiciously and effectively. For this edition on Antimicrobials, we have assembled opinion pieces from some of the foremost scientists and thought leaders reviewing individual areas of antibacterial and antifungal drug discovery and resistance.In this issue, the challenge of targeting and developing drugs to treat bacterial infections is explored in an opinion piece examining the physiological role of Resistance–Nodulation–Division (RND) superfamily drug efflux pumps that are critical to Gram-Negative drug resistance to many antibiotic classes.[4] In the review, Zgurskaya et al. explore the native function of these efflux pumps. The RND pumps are classified into three categories: constitutively expressed, regulated, and silent. Their differential expression is critical for small-molecule accumulation within cells. However, the specific physiological substrates transported by RND pumps are still largely unclear. Making sense of RND drug-efflux transporters and how they function naturally will provide actionable information for Gram-Negative drug discovery.[5]