Periaxonal and nodal plasticities modulate action potential conduction in the adult mouse brain
Periaxonal and nodal plasticities modulate action potential conduction in the adult mouse brain
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DOI：
10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108641
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发表时间：
2021-01-19
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Young, Kaylene M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cullen, Carlie L.;Pepper, Renee E.;Young, Kaylene M.
中枢神经系统髓鞘形成增加动作电位传导速度。然而，目前还不清楚髓鞘是如何协调，以确保动作电位的时间精确的到来，并促进皮层和联合电路内的信息处理。在这里，我们表明，髓鞘，成熟的少突胶质细胞的支持下，保持塑料在成年小鼠的大脑，并进行微妙的结构修改，影响动作电位传导速度。重复经颅磁刺激和空间学习，两种刺激，修改神经元的活动，改变朗维尔节点的长度和活跃的大脑区域内的轴突周围空间的大小。轴突-神经胶质结构的这种变化独立于少突胶质细胞的发生，并强烈地改变了动作电位传导速度。因为在空间学习任务中的能力倾向被发现与海马伞-穹窿通路中的动作电位传导速度相关，所以修改轴突-胶质配置可能是促进成年小鼠大脑学习的机制。
Central nervous system myelination increases action potential conduction velocity. However, it is unclear how myelination is coordinated to ensure the temporally precise arrival of action potentials and facilitate information processing within cortical and associative circuits. Here, we show that myelin sheaths, supported by mature oligodendrocytes, remain plastic in the adult mouse brain and undergo subtle structural modifications to influence action potential conduction velocity. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and spatial learning, two stimuli that modify neuronal activity, alter the length of the nodes of Ranvier and the size of the periaxonal space within active brain regions. This change in the axon-glial configuration is independent of oligodendrogenesis and robustly alters action potential conduction velocity. Because aptitude in the spatial learning task was found to correlate with action potential conduction velocity in the fimbria-fornix pathway, modifying the axon-glial configuration may be a mechanism that facilitates learning in the adult mouse brain.