Study of positive and negative feedback sensitivity in psychosis using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
Study of positive and negative feedback sensitivity in psychosis using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
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DOI：
10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.04.011
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Ochoa, Susana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Farreny, Aida;del Rey-Mejias, Angel;Ochoa, Susana
背景：精神分裂症涉及明显的动机和学习缺陷，这可能反映了奖励处理的异常。本研究的目的是利用威斯康星卡片分类测验（WCST）的计算模型来检验精神分裂症的正反馈和负反馈敏感性。我们还旨在探索双相情感障碍样本的反馈敏感性。方法：纳入83例精神分裂症患者和27例双相情感障碍患者。两个样本都考虑了人口统计学、临床和认知结果以及WCST。使用R语法进行计算建模，计算基于WCST逐案执行的3个参数：奖励敏感性(R)，惩罚敏感性(P)和选择一致性(D)。研究结果变量与参数之间的关系。结果：精神分裂症患者的阳性和阴性敏感性均存在缺陷，但P参数明显降低。认知变量、年龄和症状与精神分裂症的R、P和D参数相关。与精神分裂症患者相比，双相情感障碍患者的认知缺陷和反馈异常程度较轻。结论：负反馈敏感性在两种样本中表现出更大的缺陷。当假设无模型强化学习时，WCST中的特殊认知要求可能会引入混乱。精神分裂症的阴性症状与较低的反馈敏感性和较少的目标导向选择模式有关。(C) 2016 Elsevier Inc.版权所有。
Background: Schizophrenia involves marked motivational and learning deficits that may reflect abnormalities in reward processing. The purpose of this study was to examine positive and negative feedback sensitivity in schizophrenia using computational modeling derived from the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). We also aimed to explore feedback sensitivity in a sample with bipolar disorder.Methods: Eighty-three individuals with schizophrenia and 27 with bipolar disorder were included. Demographic, clinical and cognitive outcomes, together with the WCST, were considered in both samples. Computational modeling was performed using the R syntax to calculate 3 parameters based on trial-by-trial execution on the WCST: reward sensitivity (R), punishment sensitivity (P), and choice consistency (D). The associations between outcome variables and the parameters were investigated.Results: Positive and negative sensitivity showed deficits, but P parameter was clearly diminished in schizophrenia. Cognitive variables, age, and symptoms were associated with R, P, and D parameters in schizophrenia. The sample with bipolar disorder would show cognitive deficits and feedback abnormalities to a lesser extent than individuals with schizophrenia.Conclusion: Negative feedback sensitivity demonstrated greater deficit in both samples. Idiosyncratic cognitive requirements in the WCST might introduce confusion when supposing model-free reinforcement learning. Negative symptoms of schizophrenia were related to lower feedback sensitivity and less goal-directed patterns of choice. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.