Age-related differences and change in positive and negative affect over 23 years.
Age-related differences and change in positive and negative affect over 23 years.
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.80.1.136
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
S. Charles;C. Reynolds;M. Gatz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Charles;C. Reynolds;M. Gatz
通过布拉德本情感平衡量表测量的积极和消极情感，在 1971 年至 1994 年的纵向样本中进行了研究。样本 (N = 2,804) 代表了 4 代家庭。线性趋势分析比较了各代人随时间的积极和消极情感，并检查了神经质和外向性对情感初始水平和情感变化模式的可能影响。所有世代的负面影响都随着年龄的增长而减少，尽管在最年长的成年人中，负面影响的比率有所减弱。较高的神经质分数也会随着时间的推移减弱负面影响的减少。对于积极情绪，年轻人和中年人表现出明显的稳定性，但老年人组随着时间的推移略有下降。较高水平的外向性与积极情感的稳定性有关。
Positive and negative affect, measured by the Bradburn Affect Balance Scale, were studied in a longitudinal sample spanning from 1971 to 1994. The sample (N = 2,804) represented 4 generations of families. Linear trend analyses compared generations over time for positive and negative affect and also examined the possible influences of neuroticism and extraversion on initial levels of affect and patterns of change in affect. Negative affect decreased with age for all generations, although the rate was attenuated among the oldest adults. Higher neuroticism scores also attenuated the decrease in negative affect across time. For positive affect, the younger and middle-aged adults showed marked stability, but the older group evidenced a small decrease over time. Higher levels of extraversion were related to more stability in positive affect.