Whose tastes matter? Discrimination against immigrants in the Japanese labour market
Whose tastes matter? Discrimination against immigrants in the Japanese labour market
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谁的品味重要？
DOI：
10.1080/1369183x.2022.2163230
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Igarashi;A.;& Mugiyama;R.
对招聘决策中种族歧视的存在和机制进行了广泛的研究，但仍然存在以下两个差距：非西方社会和基于品味的歧视。在这篇文章中，我们调查了种族歧视及其机制是否同样可以在日本劳动力市场上观察到。此外，为了反映贝克尔最初的想法，我们将基于品味的歧视的来源分解为雇主的偏好和社会偏好(即感知到的同事和客户的偏好)，并确定哪些偏好以及如何驱动种族歧视。我们在日本通过网络调查对几乎所有行业的人力资源专业人员/雇主进行了析因调查实验。结果显示，移民在招聘方面处于严重劣势。分解基于品味的歧视表明，只有雇主的偏好才会导致歧视，而社会偏好不会影响歧视。然而，雇主偏好对歧视的影响的大小取决于如下社会偏好：雇用决定较少依赖于雇主对社会偏好群体的态度，而不是对社会非偏好群体的态度。这项研究表明，即使在西方社会之外，也可以观察到种族歧视，而且基于品味的歧视是一个比之前研究预期的更复杂的过程。
The existence and mechanisms of ethnic discrimination in hiring decisions have been extensively studied, but the following two gaps remain: non-Western societies and taste-based discrimination. In this contribution, we investigate whether ethnic discrimination and its mechanisms are similarly observable in the Japanese labour market. Additionally, to reflect Becker’s initial idea, we decompose the sources of taste-based discrimination into employers’ preferences and societal preferences (i.e. perceived co-workers’ and customers’ preferences) and determine which and how preferences drive ethnic discrimination. We conducted factorial survey experiments via web surveys in Japan targeting HR professionals/employers working in almost all industries. The results show that immigrants are severely disadvantaged in hiring. Decomposing taste-based discrimination shows that only employers’ preferences contribute to discrimination, whereas societal preferences do not influence discrimination. However, the magnitude of the effects of employers’ preferences on discrimination depends on societal preferences as follows: hiring decisions are less dependent on employer attitudes towards socially preferred groups than those towards socially non-preferred groups. This study suggests that ethnic discrimination is observable even outside of Western societies and that taste-based discrimination is a more complicated process than expected in previous studies.