Effects of isoflurane on coronary blood flow velocity in young, old and ApoE-/- mice measured by Doppler ultrasound
Effects of isoflurane on coronary blood flow velocity in young, old and ApoE-/- mice measured by Doppler ultrasound
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2006.11.002
复制
发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Taffet, George E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hartley, Craig J.;Reddy, Anilkumar K.;Taffet, George E.
常用的麻醉剂异氟醚（ISO）是一种有效的冠状动脉血管扩张剂，可能用于评估冠状动脉储备，但其对小鼠冠状动脉血流的影响尚不清楚。冠状动脉储备会因年龄、冠状动脉疾病和其他心脏疾病而减少，其中一些情况现在可以在老鼠身上进行模拟。因此，我们使用多普勒超声测量低（1%）和高（2.5%）ISO麻醉小鼠的冠状动脉血流速度，分别产生基线(B)和高充血(H)冠状动脉血流。将20 mhz多普勒探针安装在显微操作器中，经胸指向10只6周龄（Young [Y]）、10只2岁（Old[0]）和20只2岁载脂蛋白e缺失（ApoE(-/-)）动脉粥样硬化(A)小鼠的左主干冠状动脉起源。在每只小鼠中，我们测量了(B)和(H)峰值舒张速度。B是35.4 + / - 1.4厘米/秒(Y), 24.8 + / - 1.6 (O)和51.7 + / - 6.4 (A);H是83.5 + / - 1.3 (Y), 86.5 + / - 1.9 (O)和120 + / - 16.9 (A)和H / B是2.4 + / - 0.1 (Y), 3.6 + / - 0.2(0)和2.5 + / - 0.2 (A)。基线速度和H/B在0和Y之间以及A和0之间的差异有统计学意义（p < 0.01），而充血速度的差异无统计学意义（p < 0.05）。老龄小鼠的H/B较高是由于基线血流减少而不是充血血流速度增加。相比之下，ApoE（-/-）小鼠的基线和充血速度增加，可能是因为冠状动脉病变。年轻和年老小鼠之间基线速度的差异可能是与年龄相关的基础代谢变化或对异氟烷的不同敏感性的结果。我们得出结论，多普勒超声联合异氟醚冠脉血管舒张可以提供一种方便和无创的方法来估计小鼠冠状动脉储备，但在评估小鼠在异氟醚麻醉下的冠状动脉How时也必须注意，因为异氟醚具有有效的冠状动脉舒张特性。
The commonly used anesthetic agent isoflurane (ISO) is a potent coronary vasodilator that could potentially be used in the assessment of coronary reserve, but its effects on coronary blood flow in mice are unknown. Coronary reserve is reduced by age, coronary artery disease and other cardiac pathologies in man, and some of these conditions can now be modeled in mice. Accordingly, we used Doppler ultrasound to measure coronary flow velocity in mice anesthetized with low (1%) and high (2.5%) levels of ISO to generate baseline (B) and elevated hyperemic (H) coronary flows, respectively. A 20-MHz Doppler probe was mounted in a micromanipulator and pointed transthoracically toward the origin of the left main coronary arteries of 10 6-wk (Young [Y]), 10 2-y (Old [0]) and 20 2-y apolipoprotein-E null (ApoE(-/-)) atherosclerotic (A) mice. In each mouse, we measured (B) and (H) peak diastolic velocities. B was 35.4 +/- 1.4 cm/s (Y), 24.8 +/- 1.6 (O) and 51.7 +/- 6.4 (A); H was 83.5 +/- 1.3 (Y), 86.5 +/- 1.9 (O) and 120 +/- 16.9 (A) and H/B was 2.4 +/- 0.1 (Y), 3.6 +/- 0.2 (0) and 2.5 +/- 0.2 (A). The differences in baseline velocities and H/B between 0 and Y and between A and 0 were significant (p < 0.01), whereas the differences in hyperemic velocities were not (p > 0.05). H/B was higher in old mice as a result of decreased baseline flow rather than increased hyperemic flow velocity. In contrast, ApoE(-/-) mice have increased baseline and hyperemic velocities, perhaps because of coronary lesions. The differences in baseline velocities between young and old mice could be the result of age-related changes in basal metabolism or to differential sensitivity to isoflurane. We conclude that Doppler ultrasound combined with coronary vasodilation via isoflurane could provide a convenient and noninvasive method to estimate coronary reserve in mice, but also that care must be taken when assessing coronary How in mice under isoflurane anesthesia because of its potent coronary vasodilator properties.