An in situ method of creating metal oxide–carbon composites and their application as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries
An in situ method of creating metal oxide–carbon composites and their application as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries
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DOI：
10.1039/c1jm10902b
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发表时间：
2011-07
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Zichao Yang;Jingguo Shen;L. Archer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zichao Yang;Jingguo Shen;L. Archer
过渡金属氧化物作为锂离子电池负极材料的研究十分活跃，与纯金属氧化物相比，过渡金属氧化物与碳的纳米复合材料在恒流循环研究中往往表现出更好的性能。在含有乙烯基团的金属氧化物前驱体存在下，基于聚丙烯腈的自由基聚合和交联，开发了一种可原位、可扩展地制备各种过渡金属氧化物-碳纳米复合材料的方法。这种方法产生了一个交联型聚合物网络，它均匀地结合了纳米尺寸的过渡金属氧化物颗粒。对有机-无机杂化材料进行热处理，可以得到几乎单分散的金属氧化物纳米颗粒，均匀嵌入在多孔碳基质中。采用循环伏安法和恒电流循环电化学法对用该方法制备的Fe3O4-碳复合材料的电化学性质进行了研究。这些测量表明，当用作锂电池的负极时，该材料在低电流密度和高电流密度下都表现出稳定的循环性能。我们进一步表明，聚合物/纳米粒子共聚方法可以很容易地适用于合成基于不同粒子化学的金属氧化物/碳纳米复合材料，用于LiBS的阳极和阴极。
Transition metal oxides are actively investigated as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), and their nanocomposites with carbon frequently show better performance in galvanostatic cycling studies, compared to the pristine metal oxide. An in situ, scalable method for creating a variety of transition metal oxide–carbon nanocomposites has been developed based on free-radical polymerization and cross-linking of poly(acrylonitrile) in the presence of the metal oxide precursor containing vinyl groups. The approach yields a cross-linked polymer network, which uniformly incorporates nanometre-sized transition metal oxide particles. Thermal treatment of the organic–inorganic hybrid material produces nearly monodisperse metal oxide nanoparticles uniformly embedded in a porous carbon matrix. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic cycling electrochemical measurements in a lithium half-cell are used to evaluate the electrochemical properties of a Fe3O4–carbon composite created using this approach. These measurements reveal that when used as the anode in a lithium battery, the material exhibits stable cycling performance at both low and high current densities. We further show that the polymer/nanoparticle copolymerization approach can be readily adapted to synthesize metal oxide/carbon nanocomposites based on different particle chemistries for applications in both the anode and cathode of LIBs.