Brain potentials to native and non-native speech contrasts in 7-and 11-month-old American infants
Brain potentials to native and non-native speech contrasts in 7-and 11-month-old American infants
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7687.2005.00403.x
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kuhl, PK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rivera-Gaxiola, M;Silva-Pereyra, J;Kuhl, PK
行为数据表明，6至12个月大的婴儿语音感知发生了巨大变化。随着年龄的增长，外语语音辨别能力显著下降。采用纵向设计，我们研究了7个月和11个月大的美国婴儿的电生理反应，以本地和非本地辅音对比。对7月龄和11月龄时的组数据的事件相关电位（ERP）分析表明，婴儿对非原生对比的辨别性ERP反应在7月龄时存在，但在11月龄时消失，与文献中报道的行为数据一致。然而，当相同的婴儿被分为基于单个ERP组件的亚组，我们发现的证据表明，婴儿的大脑仍然敏感的非原生的对比在11个月的年龄，显示在P150-250或N250-550的时间窗口的差异，这取决于亚组。此外，我们观察到婴儿对母语辅音对比的反应随着时间的推移而增加。我们描述了两组婴儿不同的神经模式，并建议他们的发展差异可能会对语言发展产生影响。
Behavioral data establish a dramatic change in infants' phonetic perception between 6 and 12 months of age. Foreign-language phonetic discrimination significantly declines with increasing age. Using a longitudinal design, we examined the electrophysiological responses of 7- and 11-month-old American infants to native and non-native consonant contrasts. Analyses of the event related potentials (ERP) of the group data at 7 and at 11 months of age demonstrated that infants' discriminatory ERP responses to the non-native contrast are present at 7 months of age but disappear by 11 months of age, consistent with the behavioral data reported in the literature. However when the same infants were divided into subgroups based on individual ERP components, we found evidence that the infant brain remains sensitive to the non-native contrast at I I months of age, showing differences in either the P150-250 or the N250-550 time window, depending upon the subgroup. Moreover, we observed an increase in infants' responsiveness to native language consonant contrasts over time. We describe distinct neural patterns in two groups of infants and suggest that their developmental differences may have an impact on language development.