Cosmogenic nuclide‐derived rates of diffusive and episodic erosion in the glacially sculpted upper Rhone Valley, Swiss Alps

Cosmogenic nuclide‐derived rates of diffusive and episodic erosion in the glacially sculpted upper Rhone Valley, Swiss Alps
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瑞士阿尔卑斯山冰川雕刻的上罗讷河谷中宇宙成因核素衍生的扩散和偶发侵蚀率

DOI:
10.1002/esp.1961
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
von Blanckenburg
von Blanckenburg
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Norton;von Blanckenburg

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在瑞士中央阿尔卑斯山的罗纳河谷上游,小支流河谷的剥蚀率在很小的距离(几十公里)内变化超过一个数量级。形态测量数据表明,两个不同的侵蚀过程在这些陡峭的山谷。我们使用宇宙成因铍-10(10 Be)在混合土壤和河流沉积物样品中确定了这些过程的速率。冰川冲刷的深谷中的剥蚀以快速、不均匀的过程为特征,如泥石流和罗克瀑布。在这些陡峭的山谷中,剥蚀率为760-2100 mm kyr−1。在这些盆地中,表现出最小的先前冰川改造剥蚀率低,为60-560 mm kyr-1。每个盆地的剥蚀率代表了快速、不均匀过程和土壤蠕变之间的二元混合。在土壤样品中用宇宙成因10 Be测量的土壤生产率平均为60 mm kyr−1。混合计算表明,泥石流和罗克瀑布发生的速率高达3000-7000 mm kyr−1。这些非常高的速率发生在没有基准面降低的情况下,因为支流在断裂带上游流入罗纳河干流。罗纳河谷上游的剥蚀速率的通量加权空间平均值为1400 mm kyr−1,这与该地区通过水准测量确定的岩石抬升速率相似。侵蚀过程的速度和位置由冰川和非冰川状态之间的振荡决定,阻止景观达到平衡。版权所有© 2010约翰威利父子有限公司.
Denudation rates of small tributary valleys in the upper Rhone valley of the Swiss Central Alps vary by more than an order of magnitude within a very small distance (tens of kilometers). Morphometric data indicate two distinct erosion processes operate in these steep mountain valleys. We determined the rates of these processes using cosmogenic beryllium‐10 (10Be) in pooled soil and stream sediment samples. Denudation in deep, glacially scoured valleys is characterized by rapid, non‐uniform processes, such as debris flows and rock falls. In these steep valleys denudation rates are 760–2100 mm kyr−1. In those basins which show minimal previous glacial modification denudation rates are low with 60–560 mm kyr−1. The denudation rate in each basin represents a binary mixture between the rapid, non‐uniform processes, and soil creep. The soil production rate measured with cosmogenic10Be in soil samples averages at 60 mm kyr−1. Mixing calculations suggest that the debris flows and rock falls are occurring at rates up to 3000–7000 mm kyr−1. These very high rates occur in the absence of baselevel lowering, since the tributaries drain into the Rhone trunk stream up‐stream of a knickzone. The flux‐weighted spatial average of denudation rates for the upper Rhone valley is 1400 mm kyr−1, which is similar to rock uplift rates determined in this area from leveling. The pace and location of erosion processes are determined by the oscillation between a glacial and a non‐glacial state, preventing the landscape from reaching equilibrium. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
瑞士阿尔卑斯山西部地区的植被:伯尔尼-瓦利斯
DOI: --
发表时间: 1982
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
M. Welten
通讯作者: M. Welten
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发表时间: 2002
期刊:
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2006
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
M. Kelly;S. Ivy‐Ochs;P. Kubik;F. Blanckenburg;C. Schlüchter
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阿玛西夫和哥特哈德玛西夫
DOI: --
发表时间: 1977
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
T. Labhart
通讯作者: T. Labhart
DOI: 10.1002/esp.209
发表时间: 2001-05-01
影响因子: 3.3
作者:
Heimsath, AM;Dietrich, WE;Finkel, RC
通讯作者: Finkel, RC