Vitamin D Serum Levels in the UK Population, including a Mathematical Approach to Evaluate the Impact of Vitamin D Fortified Ready-to-Eat Breakfast Cereals: Application of the NDNS Database
Vitamin D Serum Levels in the UK Population, including a Mathematical Approach to Evaluate the Impact of Vitamin D Fortified Ready-to-Eat Breakfast Cereals: Application of the NDNS Database
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DOI：
10.3390/nu12061868
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Hulshof, Toine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calame, Wim;Street, Laura;Hulshof, Toine
Vitamin D status is relatively poor in the general population, potentially leading to various conditions. The present study evaluates the relationship between vitamin D status and intake in the UK population and the impact of vitamin D fortified ready-to-eat cereals (RTEC) on this status via data from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS: 2008-2012). Four cohorts were addressed: ages 4-10 (n=803), ages 11-18 (n=884), ages 19-64 (n=1655) and ages 65 and higher (n=428). The impact of fortification by 4.2 mu g vitamin D per 100 g of RTEC on vitamin D intake and status was mathematically modelled. Average vitamin D daily intake was age-dependent, ranging from similar to 2.6 (age range 4-18 years) to similar to 5.0 mu g (older than 64 years). Average 25(OH)D concentration ranged from 43 to 51 nmol/L, the highest in children. The relationship between vitamin D intake and status followed an asymptotic curve with a predicted plateau concentration ranging from 52 in children to 83 nmol/L in elderly. The fortification model showed that serum concentrations increased with similar to 1.0 in children to similar to 6.5 nmol/L in the elderly. This study revealed that vitamin D intake in the UK population is low with 25(OH)D concentrations being suboptimal for general health. Fortification of breakfast cereals can contribute to improve overall vitamin D status.
