Cannabinoids as therapeutic agents for ablating neuroinflammatory disease
Cannabinoids as therapeutic agents for ablating neuroinflammatory disease
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DOI：
10.2174/187153008785700118
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Griffin-Thomas, L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cabral, G. A.;Griffin-Thomas, L.
据报道，大麻素在体内和体外都能改变免疫细胞的活性。这些化合物可以作为具有神经炎症成分的病理过程辅助治疗的理想剂。作为高度亲脂分子，它们很容易进入大脑。此外，它们的毒性相对较低，可以选择性地靶向大麻素受体。迄今为止，两种大麻素受体已被确定，表征并命名为CB1和CB2。CB1似乎在中枢神经系统内组成性表达，而CB2显然是在炎症期间诱导的。CB2表达的诱导性质延伸到小胶质细胞，小胶质细胞是大脑的巨噬细胞，在该细胞室炎症的早期阶段起关键作用。因此，大麻素-大麻素受体系统可能被证明在治疗上可控的消融神经致病性疾病，如阿尔茨海默病，多发性硬化症，肌萎缩性侧索硬化症，HIV脑炎，闭合性头部损伤和肉芽肿性阿米巴脑炎。
Cannabinoids have been reported to alter the activities of immune cells in vitro and in vivo. These compounds may serve as ideal agents for adjunct treatment of pathological processes that have a neuroinflammatory component. As highly lipophilic molecules, they readily access the brain. Furthermore, they have relatively low toxicity and can be engineered to selectively target cannabinoid receptors. To date, two cannabinoid receptors have been identified, characterized and designated CB1 and CB2. CB1 appears to be constitutively expressed within the CNS while CB2 apparently is induced during inflammation. The inducible nature of expression of CB2 extends to microglia, the resident macrophages of the brain that play a critical role during early stages of inflammation in that compartment. Thus, the cannabinoid-cannabinoid receptor system may prove therapeutically manageable in ablating neuropathogenic disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, HIV encephalitis, closed head injury, and granulomatous amebic encephalitis.