Bycatch of marine mammals in US and global fisheries
Bycatch of marine mammals in US and global fisheries
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00338.x
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发表时间：
2006-02-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Northridge, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Read, AJ;Drinker, P;Northridge, S
渔业副渔获物对许多海洋哺乳动物种群构成重大威胁，但很少有关于这些渔获物数量的公开估计。我们估计了美国海洋哺乳动物的副渔获物。1990年至1999年的渔业数据来自美国要求的种群评估报告。海洋哺乳动物保护法。在此期间，海洋哺乳动物的平均年副渔获物为6215448（SE）。鲸目动物和鳍足类的副渔获物数量相似。大多数鲸目动物（84%）和丰满（98%）的副渔获物发生在刺网渔业。海洋哺乳动物兼捕量在过去十年中大幅下降，主要原因是鲸目动物兼捕量减少。在本十年后半期实施减少措施后，海洋哺乳动物兼捕总量显著降低。我们通过扩大美国的范围，得出了世界渔业中海洋哺乳动物兼捕的初步粗略估计。根据联合国粮食及农业组织提供的船队组成数据，全球海洋哺乳动物的副渔获物数以十万计。副渔获物可能对许多海洋哺乳动物种群产生重大的人口影响。迫切需要更好的数据来充分了解这些相互作用的影响。
Fisheries bycatch poses a significant threat to many populations of marine mammals, but there are few published estimates of the magnitude of these catches. We estimated marine mammal bycatch in US. fisheries from 1990 to 1999 with data taken from the stock assessment reports required by the US. Marine Mammal Protection Act. The mean annual bycatch of marine mammals during this period was 6215 448 (SE). Bycatch of cetaceans and pinnipeds occurred in similar numbers. Most cetacean (84%) and plumped (98%) bycatch occurred in gill-net fisheries. Marine mammal bycatch declined significantly over the decade, primarily because of a reduction in the bycatch of cetaceans. Total marine mammal bycatch was significantly lower after the implementation of take reduction measures in the latter half of the decade. We derived a crude first estimate of marine mammal bycatch in the world's fisheries by expanding US. bycatch with data on fleet composition from the Food and Agriculture Organization. The global bycatch of marine mammals is in the hundreds of thousands. Bycatch is likely to have significant demographic effects on many populations of marine mammals. Better data are urgently needed to fully understand the impact of these interactions.