Advanced Time-Stepping Interpretation of Fly-Scan Continuous Rotation Synchrotron Tomography of Dental Enamel Demineralization
Advanced Time-Stepping Interpretation of Fly-Scan Continuous Rotation Synchrotron Tomography of Dental Enamel Demineralization
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DOI：
10.1021/cbmi.3c00121
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发表时间：
2024-02
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Cyril Besnard;Ali Marie;Sisini Sasidharan;S. Marathe;K. Wanelik;Robert A. Harper;Christoph Rau;Richard M. Shelton;G. Landini;Alexander M. Korsunsky
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作者：
Cyril Besnard;Ali Marie;Sisini Sasidharan;S. Marathe;K. Wanelik;Robert A. Harper;Christoph Rau;Richard M. Shelton;G. Landini;Alexander M. Korsunsky
高分辨率的空间和时间分析和三维可视化的时间依赖性过程，如人类牙釉质酸脱矿，往往是一个具有挑战性的任务。克服这一挑战往往需要发展特殊的方法。龋齿仍然是最重要的口腔疾病之一，其涉及作为口腔细菌产生酸的结果的硬牙组织的脱矿作用。牙釉质有一个分层组织的架构，向下延伸到纳米结构水平，需要高分辨率来详细研究其演变。釉质脱矿是一个动态过程，最好借助原位实验进行研究。在以前的研究中，同步辐射断层扫描被应用于研究特定时间点的三维釉质结构（延时断层扫描）。在这里，提出了另一种不同的方法来进行时间演化断层扫描研究，从而在样本图像在几乎无限的角度范围内进行连续旋转时进行重建。所得到的（单个）数据集包含多个（可能重叠的）中间断层图像的数据，所述中间断层图像可以根据需要使用来自连续飞行扫描记录的数据子集的时间步进选择来提取和分析。这种方法的优点之一是，它减少了所需的时间来收集相同数量的单个断层图像。另一个优点是可以显著减少连续重建之间的标称时间步长。我们将这种方法应用于酸性釉质脱矿的研究，并观察到随着时间步长的推移脱矿的进展显著小于单个断层图像的总采集时间，体素尺寸小于0.5 μm。预计本文提出的方法可以用于其他动态过程的高分辨率研究，并用于评估不断发展的分级材料中的小结构修改。
High-resolution spatial and temporal analysis and 3D visualization of time-dependent processes, such as human dental enamel acid demineralization, often present a challenging task. Overcoming this challenge often requires the development of special methods. Dental caries remains one of the most important oral diseases that involves the demineralization of hard dental tissues as a consequence of acid production by oral bacteria. Enamel has a hierarchically organized architecture that extends down to the nanostructural level and requires high resolution to study its evolution in detail. Enamel demineralization is a dynamic process that is best investigated with the help of in situ experiments. In previous studies, synchrotron tomography was applied to study the 3D enamel structure at certain time points (time-lapse tomography). Here, another distinct approach to time-evolving tomography studies is presented, whereby the sample image is reconstructed as it undergoes continuous rotation over a virtually unlimited angular range. The resulting (single) data set contains the data for multiple (potentially overlapping) intermediate tomograms that can be extracted and analyzed as desired using time-stepping selection of data subsets from the continuous fly-scan recording. One of the advantages of this approach is that it reduces the amount of time required to collect an equivalent number of single tomograms. Another advantage is that the nominal time step between successive reconstructions can be significantly reduced. We applied this approach to the study of acidic enamel demineralization and observed the progression of demineralization over time steps significantly smaller than the total acquisition time of a single tomogram, with a voxel size smaller than 0.5 μm. It is expected that the approach presented in this paper can be useful for high-resolution studies of other dynamic processes and for assessing small structural modifications in evolving hierarchical materials.