The effects of a typhoon on Japanese warm temperate rainforests
The effects of a typhoon on Japanese warm temperate rainforests
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02347781
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发表时间：
1996-12-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Aiba, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bellingham, PJ;Kohyama, T;Aiba, S
1993年，强台风（13号台风）影响了日本南部屋久岛的原始暖温带雨林林分。台风过后1-5个月在三个地点进行的普查显示，台风造成的死亡率较低（死亡率为0.4-3.0%）。被台风杀死的茎通常比幸存的茎大。在幸存的茎中，通常有较低程度的损害（例如，0.5-1.3%的幸存茎失去了冠），并不是所有的损害都是广泛的（例如，只有三分之一的地点出现了明显的落叶）。连根拔起的茎、失去冠的茎和相对完好的茎的大小没有差异。不同的物种在不同的地点以不同的方式受到破坏。在海拔较高的临海地点，破坏最为明显，而在海拔较低的靠近谷底的地点，林隙形成更为频繁。台风过后产生的间隙面积分别占一个站点的9.4%和另一个站点的8.6%，均大于台风前。在台风过后的2161根茎中，17.35%的茎上发现了新鲜的芽，包括许多明显未受损的茎和受损的茎。在这些森林中，发芽最频繁的物种是那些靠种子再生最不频繁的物种；这些物种可以通过发芽来保持它们的相对丰度。这些森林中的大多数树种可能对台风具有相对的抵抗力，并且在台风造成的间隙形成后，它们可能有更多的更新机会。
A powerful typhoon (Typhoon No. 13) affected stands of primary warm temperate rainforest in Yakushima, southern Japan, in 1993. Censuses in three sites 1-5 months after the typhoon showed low levels of mortality resulting from the typhoon (0.4-3.0% of stems). Stems killed by the typhoon were generally larger than surviving stems. Among surviving stems there were generally low levels of damage (e.g. 0.5-1.3% of surviving stems lost crowns) and not all damage was widespread (e.g. defoliation was apparent only in one of three sites). The sizes of uprooted stems, stems that lost crowns and relatively undamaged stems were not different. Different species appeared to be damaged in different ways at different sites. Damage was most evident in higher altitude seaward sites but gap formation was more frequent in lower altitude sites near valley floors. After the typhoon the resultant gap area occupied 9.4% of one site and 8.6% of another, which is greater than that before the typhoon. Fresh sprouts were found on 17.35% of 2161 stems after the typhoon, including many apparently undamaged stems as well as those that were damaged. Species which sprouted most frequently were those that regenerate by seed least frequently in these forests; these species may maintain their relative abundance in part by sprouting. Most tree species in these forests may be relatively resistant to typhoons and there may be more opportunities for their regeneration following gap formation caused by the typhoon.