Mechanics of stabilized intercellular bridges.
Mechanics of stabilized intercellular bridges.
复制标题
稳定细胞间桥的力学。
DOI：
10.1016/j.bpj.2022.06.033
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Shvartsman,StanislavY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Singh,Jaspreet;ImranAlsous,Jasmin;Garikipati,Krishna;Shvartsman,StanislavY
许多工程和自然系统是通过对瞬态力产生的变形结构进行加固和稳定而形成的。一类重要的此类结构出现在配子发生过程中，此时分裂的细胞经历不完全的胞质分裂，产生通过稳定的细胞间桥（ICB）保持连接的子细胞。 ICB 可以通过抑制细胞因子收缩沟及其随后的稳定而形成。尽管了解分子成分，但人们对稳健 ICB 组装背后的力学以及环收缩性和硬化之间的相互作用知之甚少。在这里，我们报告联合实验和理论工作，探索稳健 ICB 组装背后的物理原理。我们开发了一个连续介质力学模型，揭示了形成稳定 ICB 的最低要求，并通过桌面实验模拟验证了模型的平衡预测。深入了解平衡状态后，我们转向动力学：我们证明收缩性和硬化性处于动态竞争状态，并且它们作用的时间间隔必须重叠，以确保 ICB 的组装符合生物学观察到的比例。我们的结果强调了一种变形和重塑紧密协调的机制，该机制适用于多种基于力学的应用，并且是跨越多个长度尺度的生物系统的常见主题。
Numerous engineered and natural systems form through reinforcement and stabilization of a deformed configuration that was generated by a transient force. An important class of such structures arises during gametogenesis, when a dividing cell undergoes incomplete cytokinesis, giving rise to daughter cells that remain connected through a stabilized intercellular bridge (ICB). ICBs can form through arrest of the contractile cytokinetic furrow and its subsequent stabilization. Despite knowledge of the molecular components, the mechanics underlying robust ICB assembly and the interplay between ring contractility and stiffening are poorly understood. Here, we report joint experimental and theoretical work that explores the physics underlying robust ICB assembly. We develop a continuum mechanics model that reveals the minimal requirements for the formation of stable ICBs, and validate the model's equilibrium predictions through a tabletop experimental analog. With insight into the equilibrium states, we turn to the dynamics: we demonstrate that contractility and stiffening are in dynamic competition and that the time intervals of their action must overlap to ensure assembly of ICBs of biologically observed proportions. Our results highlight a mechanism in which deformation and remodeling are tightly coordinated—one that is applicable to several mechanics-based applications and is a common theme in biological systems spanning several length scales.