Dolphin social intelligence: complex alliance relationships in bottlenose dolphins and a consideration of selective environments for extreme brain size evolution in mammals
Dolphin social intelligence: complex alliance relationships in bottlenose dolphins and a consideration of selective environments for extreme brain size evolution in mammals
复制标题
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2006.1997
复制
发表时间：
2007-04-29
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Connor, Richard C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Connor, Richard C.
在澳大利亚的筲箕湾，宽吻海豚生活在一个巨大的，无限的社会中，具有裂变-融合的群体模式。潜在的认知需求包括需要制定社会策略，包括识别大量个体及其与他人的关系。男性之间的联盟关系模式可能比目前已知的任何非人类更复杂，个体参与2-3个级别的转移联盟。男性调解温和的接触行为，如爱抚的联盟关系，但同步性也发挥了重要作用，亲和互动。一般来说，在不断变化的联盟背景下，对社会智力的选择将取决于战略选择和风险的程度。极端的大脑大小进化可能在齿鲸中发生过不止一次，在海豚家族和抹香鲸中达到顶峰。哺乳动物（齿鲸类、人类和大象）大脑大尺寸进化的三个“高峰”都有一个共同的选择性环境：基于捕食者或同种群体的外部威胁的极端相互依赖。在这种情况下，社会竞争，以及随之而来的对更高认知能力和更大大脑容量的选择，是激烈的。
Bottlenose dolphins in Shark Bay, Australia, live in a large, unbounded society with a fission-fusion grouping pattern. Potential cognitive demands include the need to develop social strategies involving the recognition of a large number of individuals and their relationships with others. Patterns of alliance affiliation among males may be more complex than are currently known for any non-human, with individuals participating in 2-3 levels of shifting alliances. Males mediate alliance relationships with gentle contact behaviours such as petting, but synchrony also plays an important role in affiliative interactions. In general, selection for social intelligence in the context of shifting alliances will depend on the extent to which there are strategic options and risk. Extreme brain size evolution may have occurred more than once in the toothed whales, reaching peaks in the dolphin family and the sperm whale. All three 'peaks' of large brain size evolution in mammals (odontocetes, humans and elephants) shared a common selective environment: extreme mutual dependence based on external threats from predators or conspecific groups. In this context, social competition, and consequently selection for greater cognitive abilities and large brain size, was intense.