Male whiptail lizards adjust energetically costly mate guarding to male-male competition and female reproductive value
Male whiptail lizards adjust energetically costly mate guarding to male-male competition and female reproductive value
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.10.005
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Zaldivar-Rae, Jaime
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ancona, Sergio;Drummond, Hugh;Zaldivar-Rae, Jaime
配偶守卫对雄性的能量摄入和消耗的同时影响还没有被测量。我们测试了是否守卫男性的墨西哥西部鞭尾蜥蜴，Aspidoscelis costata，减少能量的摄入量，增加男性男性的侵略能量支出。此外，我们测试是否守卫男性校准其侵略行为和喂养侵略男性竞争对手（代理他们的女性的概率extrapair交配）和身体大小的守卫女性（正相关，在这个物种的繁殖力）。守卫期间和守卫后的观察表明，守卫男性（1）吃77%以下的猎物/h和54%较小的猎物，（2）发起87%以上的激动相互作用/h和（3）参与120%以上的升级激动相互作用/h比单独时。此外，守卫男性发起更多的侵略时，侵略从其他男性和女性的大小更大。这些结果表明，配偶守卫是昂贵的男性，因为同时减少能量摄入和增加侵略的支出，男性承担更高的守卫成本时，与其他男性和女性的生殖价值的竞争更大。这些保护配偶的代价可能会导致负能量平衡，从而通过减少生存来降低雄性的适应性。如果由雄性守卫配偶所带来的健康净收益超过了其生存成本，那么雄性守卫配偶的进化持久性就可以得到解释。(C)2009年，动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Simultaneous effects of mate guarding on a male's energy intake and expenditure have not been measured. We tested whether guarding males of the western Mexican whiptail lizard, Aspidoscelis costata, reduce energy intake and increase expenditure of energy on male-male aggression. Also, we tested whether guarding males calibrate their aggressive behaviour and feeding to aggression from male rivals (a proxy of their female's probability of extrapair copulation) and body size of the guarded female (positively correlated with fecundity in this species). Observation during and after guarding showed that guarding males (1) ate 77% fewer prey/h and 54% smaller prey, (2) initiated 87% more agonistic interactions/h and (3) participated in 120% more escalated agonistic interactions/h than when alone. Also, guarding males initiated more aggressions when aggression from other males and female size were greater. These results indicate that mate guarding is costly for males because of simultaneous reduction in energy intake and increased expenditure on aggression, and that males incur higher guarding costs when competition with other males and female reproductive value are greater. These costs of mate guarding probably result in negative energy balances that could reduce male fitness through diminished survival. The evolutionary persistence of mate guarding by males can be explained if the net gain in fitness derived from guarding more than offsets its survival costs. (C) 2009 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.