Sleep Supports the Slow Abstraction of Gist from Visual Perceptual Memories
Sleep Supports the Slow Abstraction of Gist from Visual Perceptual Memories
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DOI：
10.1038/srep42950
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发表时间：
2017-02-17
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Rauss, Karsten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lutz, Nicolas D.;Diekelmann, Susanne;Rauss, Karsten
睡眠有利于巩固个人情景记忆。然而，从长远来看，保留单个相关记忆的抽象要点可能会更有效，这些记忆可以在将来推广到类似的实例。虽然情景记忆在一晚睡眠后会得到增强，但有效的要点抽象被认为需要多个晚上。我们使用视觉 Deese-Roediger-McDermott 范式测试了这一假设，检查了 20 分钟、10 小时以及一年保留后的要点抽象和情景式记忆巩固。虽然 10 小时后，睡眠增强了对单个项目的情景式记忆，但它并没有影响要点抽象。然而一年后，只有当受试者在编码后立即睡觉时，我们才发现重要的要点知识，而对个别项目没有残留记忆。这些发现表明，学习后的睡眠可以在短期内强化情景式记忆，并促进长期的要点抽象。
Sleep benefits the consolidation of individual episodic memories. In the long run, however, it may be more efficient to retain the abstract gist of single, related memories, which can be generalized to similar instances in the future. While episodic memory is enhanced after one night of sleep, effective gist abstraction is thought to require multiple nights. We tested this hypothesis using a visual Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm, examining gist abstraction and episodic-like memory consolidation after 20 min, after 10 hours, as well as after one year of retention. While after 10 hours, sleep enhanced episodic-like memory for single items, it did not affect gist abstraction. One year later, however, we found significant gist knowledge only if subjects had slept immediately after encoding, while there was no residual memory for individual items. These findings indicate that sleep after learning strengthens episodic-like memories in the short term and facilitates long-term gist abstraction.