Differences in Spatial Memory Recognition Due to Cognitive Style.
Differences in Spatial Memory Recognition Due to Cognitive Style.
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由于认知方式，空间记忆识别的差异。
DOI：
10.3389/fphar.2017.00550
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Cimadevilla JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tascón L;Boccia M;Piccardi L;Cimadevilla JM
场独立性指的是从整个环境中感知细节并通过依赖内部参照系来表示环境的能力。相反，场依赖个体倾向于将他们的注意力集中在单独分析他们的单一环境特征上。这种认知方式会影响包括空间记忆在内的几种视觉空间能力。本研究考察了场独立性和场依赖性对不同复杂度的虚拟环境下表现出的绩效的影响。40名年轻健康的人参加了这项研究。参与者进行了嵌入图形测试，以进行场独立性或依赖性评估，以及一项新的空间记忆识别测试。空间记忆再认测验要求记忆一张虚拟房间图片中一个绿色盒子的位置。此后，在十次试验中，参与者必须决定一个绿色的方框是否与样本图片中的位置相同。其中五张照片是正确的。虚拟房间中可用的信息被篡改了。因此，对两种不同的实验条件进行了测试：一个是包含所有地标的虚拟房间，另一个是只有两个线索的虚拟房间。记录准确度和反应时间。分析表明，场独立性越高的个体在两种标志性条件下的空间记忆成绩越好，并且在所有标志性条件下的记忆速度都更快。此外，男性和女性在表现上没有区别。这些结果表明，认知风格影响空间记忆成绩，并且这一现象受环境复杂性的调节。这不会影响准确性，但会影响所花费的时间。此外，当几乎没有可用的地标时，依赖于场的个人无法依靠内部参照系来组织导航场，这导致他们犯下更多的错误。
Field independence refers to the ability to perceive details from the surrounding context as a whole and to represent the environment by relying on an internal reference frame. Conversely, field dependence individuals tend to focus their attention on single environmental features analysing them individually. This cognitive style affects several visuo-spatial abilities including spatial memory. This study assesses both the effect of field independence and field dependence on performance displayed on virtual environments of different complexity. Forty young healthy individuals took part in this study. Participants performed the Embedded Figures Test for field independence or dependence assessment and a new spatial memory recognition test. The spatial memory recognition test demanded to memorize a green box location in a virtual room picture. Thereafter, during ten trials participants had to decide if a green box was located in the same position as in the sample picture. Five of the pictures were correct. The information available in the virtual room was manipulated. Hence, two different experimental conditions were tested: a virtual room containing all landmarks and a virtual room with only two cues. Accuracy and reaction time were registered. Analyses demonstrated that higher field independent individuals were related to better spatial memory performance in two landmarks condition and were faster in all landmark condition. In addition, men and women did not differ in their performance. These results suggested that cognitive style affects spatial memory performance and this phenomenon is modulated by environment complexity. This does not affect accuracy but time spent. Moreover, field dependent individuals are unable to organize the navigational field by relying on internal reference frames when few landmarks are available, and this causes them to commit more errors.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Bianchini, F.;Incoccia, C.;Guariglia, C.
通讯作者：
Guariglia, C.
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Dabbs, JM;Chang, EL;Milun, R
通讯作者：
Milun, R
影响因子：
2
作者：
Palmiero, Massimiliano;Nori, Raffaella;Piccardi, Laura
通讯作者：
Piccardi, Laura
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Coluccia, E;Louse, G
通讯作者：
Louse, G
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Canovas, Rosa;Espinola, Moises;Manuel Cimadevilla, Jose
通讯作者：
Manuel Cimadevilla, Jose