Asymptomatic reactivation and shed of infectious varicella zoster virus in astronauts
Asymptomatic reactivation and shed of infectious varicella zoster virus in astronauts
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DOI：
10.1002/jmv.21173
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Pierson, Duane L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohrs, Randall J.;Mehta, Satish K.;Pierson, Duane L.
水痘带状疱疹病毒（VZV）引起水痘（水痘），之后病毒潜伏在神经节沿着整个神经轴。病毒再活化产生带状疱疹。传染性VZV存在于带状疱疹和水痘患者的囊泡中，但在没有疾病的情况下病毒脱落还没有记录。VZV DNA以前在宇航员的唾液中检测到，在航天飞行期间和之后，这是一种独特的压力环境，在这种环境中细胞介导的免疫力（CMI）暂时受到抑制。与带状疱疹相关的CMI到VZV的下降导致了一种假设，即在受到航天压力的宇航员的唾液中也存在传染性VZV。在此，不仅验证了与航天相关的唾液VZV DNA的检测，而且在3名宇航员中的2名唾液中检测到了传染性病毒。这是第一次在没有疾病的情况下证明传染性VZV的脱落。
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes varicella (chickenpox), after which virus becomes latent in ganglia along the entire neuraxis. Virus reactivation produces zoster (shingles). Infectious VZV is found in vesicles of patients with zoster and varicella, but virus shed in the absence of disease has not been documented. VZV DNA was previously detected in saliva of astronauts during and after spaceflight, a uniquely stressful environment in which cell mediated immunity (CMI) is temporally dampened. The decline in CMI to VZV associated with zoster led to the hypothesis that infectious VZV would also be present in the saliva of astronauts subjected to stress of spaceflight. Herein, not only was the detection of salivary VZV DNA associated with spaceflight validated, but also infectious virus was detected in saliva from 2 of 3 astronauts. This is the first demonstration of shed of infectious VZV in the absence of disease.