Molecular evolution of herbicide resistance to phytoene desaturase inhibitors in Hydrilla verticillata and its potential use to generate herbicide-resistant crops.
Molecular evolution of herbicide resistance to phytoene desaturase inhibitors in Hydrilla verticillata and its potential use to generate herbicide-resistant crops.
复制标题
黑藻对八氢番茄红素去饱和酶抑制剂除草剂抗性的分子进化及其在产生除草剂抗性作物中的潜在用途。
作者：
R. Arias;M. Netherland;B. Scheffler;Atul Puri;F. Dayan
黑藻是美国最严重的入侵水生杂草之一。这种植物拥有许多营养繁殖的机制，使它能够非常迅速地传播。对这种杂草的管理是通过用除草剂氟虫酮对水体进行系统处理来实现的。至少已鉴定出三种雌雄异株的抗氟烷酮的黑藻生物型，它们对除草剂的抗性比野生型高两到五倍。抗性是编码植酸烯去饱和酶基因的精氨酸304密码子的三个独立体细胞突变之一的结果，植烯去饱和酶是氟里酮的分子靶点。三种纯化的植酸烯脱氢酶变异体的比活力与野生型酶相似。这些抗除草剂生物型的出现可能会危及控制这种非土著物种向美国南部其他水体传播的能力。本文的目的是提供有关这种水生杂草对除草剂氟虫酮抗性的最新进展的生物学和生理学的一般信息，并讨论这一发现如何导致新一代抗除草剂作物的诞生。
Hydrilla [Hydrilla verticillata (Lf) Royle] is one of the most serious invasive aquatic weed problems in the USA. This plant possesses numerous mechanisms of vegetative reproduction that enable it to spread very rapidly. Management of this weed has been achieved by the systemic treatment of water bodies with the herbicide fluridone. At least three dioecious fluridone-resistant biotypes of hydrilla with two- to fivefold higher resistance to the herbicide than the wild-type have been identified. Resistance is the result of one of three independent somatic mutations at the arginine 304 codon of the gene encoding phytoene desaturase, the molecular target site of fluridone. The specific activities of the three purified phytoene desaturase variants are similar to the wild-type enzyme. The appearance of these herbicide-resistant biotypes may jeopardize the ability to control the spread of this non-indigenous species to other water bodies in the southern USA. The objective of this paper is to provide general information about the biology and physiology of this aquatic weed in relation to its recent development of resistance to the herbicide fluridone, and to discuss how this discovery might lead to a new generation of herbicide-resistant crops.