Acoustic properties of naturally produced clear speech at normal speaking rates
Acoustic properties of naturally produced clear speech at normal speaking rates
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DOI：
10.1121/1.1635842
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Braida, LD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krause, JC;Braida, LD
在各种背景下，对于听力受损的听众来说，“清楚地”说出的句子比“对话地”说出的句子明显更容易理解[Picheny等人，J.言语听觉。Res. 28，96-103（1985）; Uchanski等人，同上，39，494-509（1996）; Payton等人，J. Acoust.美国社会95，1581-1592（1994）]。然而，在产生清晰语音的同时，说话者通常显著降低他们的说话速率[Picheny等人，J.言语听觉。Res. 29，434-446（1986）; Uchanski等人，同上，39，494-509（1996）]。然而，慢慢地说话并不仅仅是清晰语音的可理解性益处的原因（相对于会话语音），因为最近的一项研究[Krause和Braida，J. Acoust.美国社会112，2165-2172（2002）]显示说话者可以通过训练以正常速率产生清晰的语音。这一发现表明，清晰的语音具有固有的声学特性，独立于速率，有助于提高可懂度。识别这些声学特性可以改进助听器的信号处理方案。为了深入了解这些声学特性，在三个层次的细节（全球，语音和语音）进行了分析，会话和清晰的语音在正常的说话速度。虽然结果表明，说话者可能采用了不同的策略，以实现清晰的语音在正常的利率，两个全球水平的属性被确定，似乎可能与清晰/正常的语音提供的可懂度的改善：增加能量在1000-3000赫兹范围内的长期频谱和增加调制深度的强度包络的低频调制。与清晰/正常语音相关的其他语音学和语音学差异包括（1）塞音爆发释放频率的变化，（2）词首无辅音塞音的VOT，以及（3）短期元音频谱。(C)2004年，美国声学学会。
Sentences spoken "clearly" are significantly more intelligible than those spoken "conversationally" for hearing-impaired listeners in a variety of backgrounds [Picheny et al., J. Speech Hear. Res. 28, 96-103 (1985); Uchanski et al., ibid. 39, 494-509 (1996); Payton et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 95, 1581-1592 (1994)]. While producing clear speech, however, talkers often reduce their speaking rate significantly [Picheny et al., J. Speech Hear. Res. 29, 434-446 (1986); Uchanski et al., ibid. 39, 494-509 (1996)]. Yet speaking slowly is not solely responsible for the intelligibility benefit of clear speech (over conversational speech), since a recent study [Krause and Braida, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 112, 2165-2172 (2002)] showed that talkers can produce clear speech at normal rates with training. This finding suggests that clear speech has inherent acoustic properties, independent of rate, that contribute to improved intelligibility. Identifying these acoustic properties could lead to improved signal processing schemes for hearing aids. To gain insight into these acoustical properties, conversational and clear speech produced at normal speaking rates were analyzed at three levels of detail (global, phonological, and phonetic). Although results suggest that talkers may have employed different strategies to achieve clear speech at normal rates, two global-level properties were identified that appear likely to be linked to the improvements in intelligibility provided by clear/normal speech: increased energy in the 1000-3000-Hz range of long-term spectra and increased modulation depth of low frequency modulations of the intensity envelope. Other phonological and phonetic differences associated with clear/normal speech include changes in (1) frequency of stop burst releases, (2) VOT of word-initial voiceless stop consonants, and (3) short-term vowel spectra. (C) 2004 Acoustical Society of America.