Response of benthic invertebrates to natural versus experimental disturbance in a Swiss prealpine river
Response of benthic invertebrates to natural versus experimental disturbance in a Swiss prealpine river
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瑞士阿尔卑斯山前河流中底栖无脊椎动物对自然干扰与实验干扰的响应
DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2427.1997.00141.x
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
A. Frutiger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Matthaei;U. Uehlinger;A. Frutiger
1. 溪流扰动实验的关键在于模拟自然洪水的程度。理想情况下，扰动实验应与现象学研究同时进行，以便进行直接比较。目前的研究是在瑞士阿尔卑斯山前的河流内克尔河进行的，偶然的事件使得这样的比较成为可能。 2. 1994 年夏季，我们在一次大洪水的前一天和之后的几个采样日采集了苏伯样本（复发间隔 µ 5 年），随后在一条以频繁洪水为特征的河流中长期均匀排放。洪水发生后第 19 天开始，河床部分区域 (μ 9m 2 ) 受到踢打和耙动的物理干扰。 3. 两种干扰后个体总数和优势类群的减少程度相似，Rhithrogena spp.、Leuctra spp.的重新定殖模式也相似。和水螅。 Chironomidae、Baetis spp.、Simuliidae、Pentaneurini 和 Corynoneura/Thienemanniella spp.在洪水之后、再殖民开始之前表现出明显的滞后期，而实验后则没有这样的滞后期。因此，这些类群恢复到洪水前密度所需的时间更长。然而，滞后期后的再定植率和模式与实验干扰后的相似。 4. 尺寸等级测量表明，洪水后卵孵化的补充可能比对红鳃金龟属实验干扰后更为重要，但对摇蚊科、贝蒂斯属、蚋科、五足龟属和留克特拉属则不然。无脊椎动物的漂流可能是这两种类型的干扰后最重要的重新定殖途径。 5. 我们的实验可以真实模拟大洪水对无脊椎动物群落的几个重要影响。与我们的实验地块类似的空间尺度引起地层运动的较小洪水比内克河的大洪水更为常见。对于这些大量的自然干扰，我们的实验应该提供更真实的模拟。
1. The crucial point of disturbance experiments in streams is the extent to which they can simulate a natural spate. Ideally, disturbance experiments should proceed side by side with a phenomenological study to allow a direct comparison. In the present study conducted in a prealpine Swiss river, the River Necker, fortuitous events made such a comparison possible. 2. In summer 1994, we took Surber samples one day before and on several sampling dates after a major flood (recurrence interval µ 5 years), which was followed by a long period of uniform discharge in a river characterized by frequent spates. Beginning 19 days after this flood, patches of the stream bed (µ 9m 2 ) were physically disturbed by kicking and raking. 3. The degrees of reduction in the total number of individuals and the dominant taxa were similar after both types of disturbance, as were the recolonization patterns of Rhithrogena spp., Leuctra spp. and Hydracarina. Chironomidae, Baetis spp., Simuliidae, Pentaneurini and Corynoneura/Thienemanniella spp. showed a distinct lag phase after the flood before recolonization began, whereas there was no such lag phase after the experiment. Therefore, the time needed to recover to pre-flood densities was longer for these taxa. Nevertheless, recolonization rates and patterns after the lag phase were similar to those after the experimental disturbance. 4. Size-class measurements indicated that recruitment from egg hatching may have been more important after the flood than after the experimental disturbance for Rhithrogena spp., but not for Chironomidae, Baetis spp., Simuliidae, Pentaneurini and Leuctra spp. Invertebrate drift was probably the most important pathway of recolonization after both types of disturbance. 5. Our experiment allowed a realistic simulation of several important effects of the large flood on the invertebrate community. Smaller spates that induce substratum movement at a spatial scale similar to our experimental plots are much more common than large floods in the River Necker. For these spates, our experiment should provide an even more realistic simulation of natural disturbance.