EMISSIONS OF TRACE-ELEMENTS FROM MOTOR-VEHICLES - POTENTIAL MARKER ELEMENTS AND SOURCE COMPOSITION PROFILE
EMISSIONS OF TRACE-ELEMENTS FROM MOTOR-VEHICLES - POTENTIAL MARKER ELEMENTS AND SOURCE COMPOSITION PROFILE
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DOI：
10.1016/1352-2310(94)90201-1
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发表时间：
1994-05-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
GORDON, GE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HUANG, XD;OLMEZ, I;GORDON, GE
含铅汽油的逐步淘汰迅速降低了铅的值，铅是传统的汽油动力车辆排放的标志元素，用于受体模型研究。此外，由于现代催化转化器和机油添加剂的变化等因素，排放特性发生了相当大的变化。这些变化使目前的机动车辆源成分概况存疑。在这项研究中，我们试图确定标记元素，并开发一个新的源组成的机动车排放概况。为了实现这一目标，我们直接从机动车和受这些排放物严重影响的地点收集了大量样本。用仪器中子活化分析法（INAA）分析样品的微量元素浓度。稀土元素（ree）被用于催化载体，并被建议作为机动车排放的可能标志元素。我们的研究结果表明，机动车排放了相当数量的Zn、Br和Sb；它们的总排放量远远大于稀土元素的总和。此外，Sb、Zn和Br的粗/细颗粒比（C/F比）也比ree小。认为Sb、Br、Zn是潜在的标记元素。此外，根据我们的分析，更新了机动车排放的部分元素成分库，并简要讨论了机动车尾气中元素成分的来源。
The phasing-out of leaded gasoline has rapidly reduced the value of Pb, the traditional marker element for emissions from gasoline-powered vehicles for receptor-model studies. Also, the emission characteristics have changed considerably due to factors such as modern catalytic converters and changes in motor oil additives. These changes have made current motor-vehicle source composition profiles questionable. In this study we attempted to identify marker elements and to develop a new source composition profile for motor vehicle emissions. To accomplish this, we collected numerous samples directly from motor vehicles and in locations that are heavily influenced by these emissions. All the samples were analysed for trace element concentrations by instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA).Rare earth elements (REEs) are used in catalytic supports and have been suggested as possible marker elements for motor vehicle emissions. Our results show that considerable amounts of Zn, Br, and Sb are emitted by motor vehicles; their combined emissions are much larger than the sum of the REEs. Also Sb, Zn, and Br have smaller coarse/fine particle ratios (C/F ratios) than do the REEs. It is suggested that Sb, Br, and Zn are potential marker elements. Furthermore, based on our analysis, a partial elemental composition library for motor vehicle emissions is updated and a brief discussion of the origins of elemental constituents from motor vehicle exhausts is given.