Transient Genotype-by-Environment Interactions Following Environmental Shock Provide a Source of Expression Variation for Essential Genes
Transient Genotype-by-Environment Interactions Following Environmental Shock Provide a Source of Expression Variation for Essential Genes
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DOI：
10.1534/genetics.109.107268
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发表时间：
2010-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Gasch, Audrey P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eng, Kevin H.;Kvitek, Daniel J.;Gasch, Audrey P.
了解复杂的基因型与环境的相互作用（GEI）对于了解表型变异至关重要。在GEI研究中经常被忽视的一个重要因素是时间。我们测量了GEI的贡献，在四个非实验室酿酒酵母菌株动态响应25度-37度热休克的表达变化。GEI是解释表达变异的主要力量，影响了55%的基因分析。重要的是，这些表达模式中几乎有一半显示GEI仅在环境之间的过渡期间产生影响，而不是在适应的细胞中。这类揭示了一个基因型由环境由时间的相互作用，影响了大部分酵母基因的表达。引人注目的是，虽然转录受持续GEI影响的非必需基因与上游TATA元素富集，那些显示瞬时GEI富集的必需基因，无论TATA调节。受持续GEI影响的基因表现出宽松的约束驯化的基因表达相比，平均酵母基因，而基因限制短暂GEI没有。我们建议，在环境之间的过渡过程中的瞬时GEI提供了一个以前不受重视的表达变异的来源，特别是对必需基因。
Understanding complex genotype-by-environment interactions (GEIs) is crucial for understanding phenotypic variation. An important factor often overlooked in GEI studies is time. We measured the contribution of GEIs to expression variation in four nonlaboratory Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains responding dynamically to a 25 degrees-37 degrees heat shock. GEI was a major force explaining expression variation, affecting 55% of the genes analyzed. Importantly, almost half of these expression patterns showed GEI influence only during the transition between environments, but not in acclimated cells. This class reveals a genotype-by-environment-by-time interaction that affected expression of a large fraction of yeast genes. Strikingly, although transcripts subject to persistent GEI effects were enriched for nonessential genes with upstream TATA elements, those displaying transient GEIs were enriched for essential genes regardless of TATA regulation. Genes subject to persistent GEI influences showed relaxed constraint on acclimated gene expression compared to the average yeast gene, whereas genes restricted to transient GEIs did not. We propose that transient GEI during the transition between environments provides a previously unappreciated source of expression variation, particularly for essential genes.