Acute stress alters individual risk taking in a time-dependent manner and leads to anti-social risk.
Acute stress alters individual risk taking in a time-dependent manner and leads to anti-social risk.
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DOI：
10.1111/ejn.13395
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发表时间：
2017-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sandi C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bendahan S;Goette L;Thoresen J;Loued-Khenissi L;Hollis F;Sandi C
决策过程可以通过压力来调节，从压力诱导开始所经过的时间似乎是决定影响方向的关键因素。虽然目前的方法认为第一个应激后小时是一个统一的时间段，但生理应激系统激活的动态模式（即，交感神经系统和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴）表明其神经行为影响可能是异质性的。在这里，我们评估经济风险偏好的增益域（即，在暴露于心理社会应激后的三个时间点（发作后立即、发作后20分钟和45分钟）观察到的风险厌恶）。使用彩票游戏，我们研究在个人和社会层面的决定。我们发现，在压力后的第一个小时内，风险厌恶表现出时间依赖性的变化，从压力后不久的风险厌恶程度较低，到最后一次测试时的风险厌恶程度较高。当风险意味着对第三方的反社会结果时，有压力的人在他们的决定中表现出较少的尊重。参与者的皮质醇水平解释了他们在风险游戏中的行为，但不能解释反社会游戏。我们的研究结果揭示了自我和他人决策中的差异压力效应，并强调了认知压力直接后果的多维性质。
Decision‐making processes can be modulated by stress, and the time elapsed from stress induction seems to be a crucial factor in determining the direction of the effects. Although current approaches consider the first post‐stress hour a uniform period, the dynamic pattern of activation of the physiological stress systems (i.e., the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis) suggests that its neurobehavioural impact might be heterogeneous. Here, we evaluate economic risk preferences on the gain domain (i.e., risk aversion) at three time points following exposure to psychosocial stress (immediately after, and 20 and 45 min from onset). Using lottery games, we examine decisions at both the individual and social levels. We find that risk aversion shows a time‐dependent change across the first post‐stress hour, evolving from less risk aversion shortly after stress to more risk averse behaviour at the last testing time. When risk implied an antisocial outcome to a third party, stressed individuals showed less regard for this person in their decisions. Participants’ cortisol levels explained their behaviour in the risk, but not the antisocial, game. Our findings reveal differential stress effects in self‐ and other‐regarding decision‐making and highlight the multidimensional nature of the immediate aftermath of stress for cognition.