A VIDEO SONAR AS A NEW TOOL TO STUDY MARINE MAMMALS IN THE WILD: MEASUREMENTS OF DOLPHIN SWIMMING SPEED
A VIDEO SONAR AS A NEW TOOL TO STUDY MARINE MAMMALS IN THE WILD: MEASUREMENTS OF DOLPHIN SWIMMING SPEED
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视频声纳作为研究野外海洋哺乳动物的新工具：测量海豚游泳速度
DOI：
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Gwénaël Beauplet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Ridoux;C. Guinet;C. Liret;Pol Creton;Resen Steenstrup;Gwénaël Beauplet
使用的多波束声纳的觅食活动的细尺度研究的海豚（Tursiops truncatus）进行了测试，在沿海环境中，一组14个人是已知的居民。声纳被安装在一艘橡皮艇上，当海豚在一个被强大的潮流扫过的通道中觅食时，信号被连续接收。这些信号记录在HI 8视频标准中。该系统产生了海豚及其在声纳波束范围内（垂直宽度15°，水平宽度90°，范围设定为50米）的运动的实时无失真图像。相对于底部的平均游泳速度为1.8 m ·sec-1，但如果考虑到平均1.2 m·sec-1的潮流，相对于水的游泳速度为2.2 m·sec-1。相对于水的最大游泳速度高达4.8 m·sec-1。根据对游泳能量学的研究估计，在流速为1.2 m·sec 1的水流脉中连续觅食，与在这些水流中觅食相比，只会产生很小的额外成本。然而，以前对同一个群体的观察表明，当流速达到2.7 m·sec-1时，这些海豚会继续在该地点觅食;在这种情况下，在该地点觅食的成本计算增加了96%。这表明，觅食效率应显着提高在涨潮，因为海豚一贯在这些电流全年觅食。
The use of a multibeam sonar for fine-scale studies of the foraging activity of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) was tested in a coastal environment where a group of 14 individuals is known to be resident. The sonar was set on a rubber boat and the signals were received continuously as the dolphins were foraging in a pass swept by strong tidal currents. These signals were recorded in HI 8 video standard. The system produced real-time undistorted images of the dolphins and of their movements within the limits of the sonar beam (15° vertical width, 90° horizontal width, range set at 50 m). The average swimming speed relative to the bottom was 1.8 m ·sec−1 but swimming speed relative to the water was 2.2 m-sec−1 when allowance was made for the average 1.2 m·sec−1 tidal current. Maximum swimming speed relative to the water was as high as 4.8 m·sec−1. It is estimated from studies of swimming energetics that continuously foraging in a current vein flowing at 1.2 m·sec1 would represent only small additional costs compared to foraging out of these currents. However, previous observations of the same pod have shown that these dolphins keep foraging in this site when current speed reaches 2.7 m·sec−1; under such circumstances, the cost of foraging in this site was calculated to increase by 96%. This suggests that foraging efficiency should be dramatically enhanced during rising tide since the dolphins consistently forage in these currents year round.