Seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus in Mumbai, and immunogenicity and safety of hepatitis A vaccine.
Seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus in Mumbai, and immunogenicity and safety of hepatitis A vaccine.
复制标题
孟买甲型肝炎病毒的血清流行率以及甲型肝炎疫苗的免疫原性和安全性。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kalro Rh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dhawan Ps;S. Shah;Alvares Jf;A. Kher;Shankaran;Kandoth Pw;Sheth Pn;H. Kamath;A. Kamath;Koppikar Gv;Kalro Rh
目标
由于甲型肝炎的流行趋势在全球范围内不断变化，我们研究了其在孟买的血清阳性率，这被认为是一个高流行区。并对甲型肝炎疫苗的免疫原性和安全性进行了研究。
方法
670名受试者（456名男性;年龄范围6个月-60岁）回答了关于社会和病史的问卷。采用ELISA法对所有受试者进行总抗-HAV定性分析。147例抗-HAV阴性受试者中有107例在0、1和6个月时接种了甲型肝炎疫苗。对受试者进行随访（第1、2、6、7个月），以观察副作用和血清转化。
结果
HAV的血清阳性率为523/670（78%）; 38%的5岁以下儿童抗-HAV阴性。15年时血清阳性率达到80%。较高社会经济地位群体的患病率（151/234; 64.5%）低于较低社会经济地位群体（372/436; 85%）（p < 0.001）。接种1、2、3剂甲肝疫苗后1个月，血清阳性率分别为92%、99%和100%。19.5%的受试者发生轻微自限性副作用;无重大副作用。
结论
孟买抗-HAV血清阳性率高。在社会经济地位较高的群体中，血清阳性率较低。甲型肝炎疫苗是安全和免疫原性。
OBJECTIVES
Since epidemiologic trends of hepatitis A are changing worldwide, we studied its seroprevalence in Mumbai, which is thought to be a high-endemicity area. The immunogenicity and safety of a hepatitis A vaccine were also studied.
METHODS
Six hundred and seventy subjects (456 men; age range 6 mo-60 y) answered a questionnaire on social and medical history. Qualitative analysis of total anti-HAV was performed in all subjects by ELISA. One hundred and seven of 147 anti-HAV negative subjects received hepatitis A vaccine at months 0, 1 and 6. Subjects were followed up (months 1, 2, 6, 7) to look for side-effects and seroconversion.
RESULTS
The seroprevalence of HAV was 523/670 (78%); 38% of children < 5 years were anti-HAV negative. Seroprevalence rates of 80% were reached by 15 years. Prevalence was lower in the higher socio-economic group (151/234; 64.5%) compared with the lower socio-economic group (372/436; 85%) (p < 0.001). One month after doses 1, 2 and 3 of the hepatitis A vaccine, seropositivity was 92%, 99% and 100%, respectively. Minor self-limited side-effects occurred in 19.5% of subjects; there were no major side-effects.
CONCLUSIONS
The seroprevalence of anti-HAV is high in Mumbai. Seroprevalence is lower in the higher socio-economic groups. The hepatitis A vaccine is safe and immunogenic.