Toxicology of avermectins and milbemycins (macrocylic lactones) and the role of P-glycoprotein in dogs and cats.
Toxicology of avermectins and milbemycins (macrocylic lactones) and the role of P-glycoprotein in dogs and cats.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cvsm.2011.12.005
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发表时间:
2012-03
影响因子:
1.9
通讯作者:
Eubig, Paul A.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Merola, Valentina M.;Eubig, Paul A.
The macrocyclic lactones (MLs) are parasiticides able to kill a wide variety of arthropods and nematodes. They have a high margin of safety for labeled indications, and ivermectin has become the best selling antiparasitic in the world. 1 Dogs of certain breeds and mixtures of those breeds have a defect in the ABCB1 gene (formerly MDR1 gene) that results in a lack of functional P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which leads to accumulation of the MLs in the central nervous system (CNS) and a higher risk of adverse effects when exposed. With toxicosis, CNS signs such as ataxia, lethargy, coma, tremors, seizures, mydriasis, and blindness predominate. In general, the MLs have a long half-life and therefore exposure results in a long duration of illness when overdoses occur. There is no specific antidote for ML toxicosis so the most important part of treatment is good supportive care.
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