Secure FMCW LiDAR Systems with Frequency Encryption
Secure FMCW LiDAR Systems with Frequency Encryption
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DOI：
10.1145/3560834.3563829
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发表时间：
2022-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Marziyeh Rezaei;L. Hussein;S. Moazeni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Marziyeh Rezaei;L. Hussein;S. Moazeni
强大而安全的测距是未来自动驾驶汽车和机器人精确导航和避免碰撞所需的最重要的功能之一。光探测和测距 (LiDAR) 是实现这一目标的一种很有前景的 3D 成像技术。然而，与其他类型的传感器类似，激光雷达系统的安全漏洞可能会对人类安全造成严重威胁。虽然激光雷达正在成为自动驾驶汽车的标准技术，但迄今为止其安全方面尚未得到很好的研究。在本文中，我们将首先总结针对不同激光雷达类型的各种安全攻击场景。我们专注于波束控制和调频连续波 (FMCW) LiDAR 系统，因为它们被认为是迄今为止提出的最安全的 LiDAR 系统。我们将证明攻击者可以对受害者的 LiDAR 系统进行逆向工程，并使用市售的光电组件构建欺骗系统。为此，我们将在 MATLAB Simulink 中开发电光协同仿真框架，并使用该框架来研究当今 FMCW LiDAR 系统中欺骗攻击的可行性。最后，我们提出频率加密技术作为对策，以减轻欺骗 FMCW 波束控制 LiDAR 系统的可能性。所提出的方法可以确保未来 FMCW LiDAR 系统的安全性，而不会影响功能或准确性。
Robust and secure ranging is among the most vital capabilities demanded by future autonomous vehicles and robotics for precise navigation and avoiding collisions. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is a promising 3D imaging technology for this aim. However, the security vulnerabilities of LiDAR systems can impose critical threats to human safety and security, similar to other types of sensors. While LiDARs are becoming standard technologies for self-driving cars, their security aspects have not yet been studied well so far. In this paper, we will first summarize various security attack scenarios against different LiDAR types. We focus on beam-steering and frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) LiDAR systems as they have been considered the most secure LiDAR systems proposed so far. We will show that an attacker can reverse engineer the victim's LiDAR system and build a spoofing system using commercially available electro-optical components. To do so, we will develop an electro-optical co-simulation framework in MATLAB Simulink and use that to study the feasibility of the spoofing attack in today's FMCW LiDAR systems. Finally, we propose the frequency encryption technique as a countermeasure to mitigate the possibility of spoofing FMCW beam-steering LiDAR systems. The proposed approach can ensure the security of future FMCW LiDAR systems without compromising functionality or accuracy.