A Novel Method for Designing and Fabricating Low-cost Facepiece Prototypes
A Novel Method for Designing and Fabricating Low-cost Facepiece Prototypes
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DOI：
10.1080/15459624.2014.908260
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Lungu, Claudiu T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Joe, Paula S.;Shum, Phillip C.;Lungu, Claudiu T.
2010年，美国国家职业安全与健康研究所（NIOSH）根据最近更新的健康测试面板发布了新的数字头形模型。为了更好地代表现代劳动力，新的调查小组以2000年的人口普查为基础，增加了两种尺寸：短/宽和长/窄。在收集组成小组的人体测量数据的同时，还收集了一部分受试者的额外三维数据。在每个尺寸类别中，五个人的三维数据被用来创建新的头部形状模型。虽然NIOSH建议在设计呼吸器时切换到五个尺寸的系统，但在评估这一变化的潜在好处方面做得很少。由于市面上只有三到四种尺寸系统的弹性面片，因此有必要开发出能够进行测试的面片。本研究的目的是开发一种设计和制造弹性面片的方法，以适应新的头部形状设计，用于配合测试研究。这种新方法使用固体硅胶面部的计算机断层扫描和许多计算机辅助设计程序（VolView, ParaView， MEGG3D和Rapid-Form XOR）来开发适应短/宽头部形式的面部模型。利用立体光刻技术（SLA）对生成的模型进行三维打印，使其具有物理形态。然后，打印的模型被用来制造一个硅胶模具，从中可以铸造弹性体原型。原型脸是用两种硅树脂铸造的，用于未来的适配测试。
In 2010, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) published new digital head form models based on their recently updated fit-test panel. The new panel, based on the 2000 census to better represent the modern work force, created two additional sizes: Short/Wide and Long/Narrow. While collecting the anthropometric data that comprised the panel, additional three-dimensional data were collected on a subset of the subjects. Within each sizing category, five individuals' three-dimensional data were used to create the new head form models. While NIOSH has recommended a switch to a five-size system for designing respirators, little has been done in assessing the potential benefits of this change. With commercially available elastomeric facepieces available in only three or four size systems, it was necessary to develop the facepieces to enable testing. This study aims to develop a method for designing and fabricating elastomeric facepieces tailored to the new head form designs for use in fit-testing studies. This novel method used computed tomography of a solid silicone facepiece and a number of computer-aided design programs (VolView, ParaView, MEGG3D, and Rapid-Form XOR) to develop a facepiece model to accommodate the Short/Wide head form. The generated model was given a physical form by means of three-dimensional printing using stereolithography (SLA). The printed model was then used to create a silicone mold from which elastomeric prototypes can be cast. The prototype facepieces were cast in two types of silicone for use in future fit-testing.