Diffraction in time : An exactly solvable model
Diffraction in time : An exactly solvable model
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时间衍射：精确可解的模型
DOI：
10.1103/physreva.87.053621
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
A. Goussev
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Goussev
近年来，由于其独特的适用于高精度测量和量子理论的基础方面的研究，物质波干涉术引起了越来越多的关注。物质波的衍射和干涉不仅可以在空间孔径（如屏幕边缘，狭缝或光栅）处观察到，而且可以在时域孔径（如吸收屏障或“快门”，定期打开和关闭）处观察到。后一种类型的波现象通常被称为“时间衍射”。在这里，我们介绍了一个通用的，精确可解的衍射模型的时间。它描述了任意初始量子态在含时吸收势垒存在下的时间演化，由任意孔径函数控制。我们的研究结果使衍射和干涉图案在各种各样的设置的定量描述，并可用于设计新的原子和分子的衍射和干涉实验。
In the recent years, mater-wave interferometry has attracted growing attention due to its unique suitability for high-precision measurements and study of fundamental aspects of quantum theory. Diffraction and interference of matter waves can be observed not only at a spatial aperture (such as a screen edge, slit, or grating), but also at a time-domain aperture (such as an absorbing barrier, or "shutter", that is being periodically switched on and off). The wave phenomenon of the latter type is commonly referred to as "diffraction in time". Here, we introduce a versatile, exactly solvable model of diffraction in time. It describes time-evolution of an arbitrary initial quantum state in the presence of a time-dependent absorbing barrier, governed by an arbitrary aperture function. Our results enable a quantitative description of diffraction and interference patterns in a large variety of setups, and may be used to devise new diffraction and interference experiments with atoms and molecules.