Explaining and predicting animal migration under global change

Explaining and predicting animal migration under global change
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解释和预测全球变化下的动物迁徙

DOI:
10.1111/ddi.13797
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Howard C
Howard C
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Howard C

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由于全球环境的变化,许多迁徙物种正在减少。然而,它们复杂的年度周期使得揭示气候和土地利用变化等潜在驱动因素对移民的影响成为一项重大挑战。确定威胁过程在何处、何时以及如何影响物种的迁徙旅程和种群动态,对于确定有效的保护行动至关重要。在这里,我们描述了一个新的迁移建模框架——空间显式适应性迁移模型(SAMMs)——如何在不需要预定义的行为规则的情况下,模拟跨空间和时间变化特征的开阔陆地或海景迁移所需的最佳行为决策。适应性行为模型已广泛应用于理论生态学,但在现实世界中具有巨大的未开发潜力。在开放环境中应用适应性行为模型将允许用户探索迁徙物种如何适应它们的路线和对中间地点的使用以响应环境变化。我们概述了如何使用SAMMs来模拟空中、陆地和水生环境中的迁徙旅程,并通过对普通杜鹃(Cuculus canorus)的案例研究展示了它们的潜力,并将模型行为与观察到的行为进行了比较。SAMMs提供了一种工具,可以确定迁徙物种面临的主要威胁,它们如何适应未来的迁徙旅程,以应对不断变化的环境条件以及无法适应变化的后果。
Many migratory species are declining due to global environmental change. Yet, their complex annual cycles make unravelling the impacts of potential drivers such as climate and land‐use change on migrations a major challenge. Identifying where, when and how threatening processes impact species' migratory journeys and population dynamics is crucial for identifying effective conservation actions. Here, we describe how a new migration modelling framework – Spatially explicit Adaptive Migration Models (SAMMs) – can simulate the optimal behavioural decisions required to migrate across open land‐ or seascapes varying in character over space and time, without requiring predefined behavioural rules. Models of adaptive behaviour have been used widely in theoretical ecology but have great untapped potential in real‐world contexts. Applying adaptive behaviour models across open environments will allow users to explore how migratory species may adapt their routes and usage of intermediate sites in response to environmental change. We outline how SAMMs can be used to model migratory journeys through aerial, terrestrial and aquatic environments, demonstrating their potential using a case study on the common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) and comparing modelled to observed behaviours. SAMMs offer a tool to identify the key threats faced by migratory species, how they could adapt to future migratory journeys in response to changing environmental conditions and the consequences of not being able to adapt to change.
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