Residual risk of transfusion-transmitted human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus infections in Italy
Residual risk of transfusion-transmitted human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus infections in Italy
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1537-2995.2005.00576.x
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发表时间：
2005-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Hassan, HJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gonzalez, M;Règine, V;Hassan, HJ
背景：评估输血传播感染（TTIs）的风险对于监测血液安全性至关重要。TTI的剩余风险估计为近90%的血液供应在意大利。研究设计和方法：数据进行了分析，从1,079,281重复捐助者，对应于整个意大利在1999年至2001年期间在输血中心的5,361,000捐款。采用发病率-窗口期模型估计输血传播的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）和B肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的剩余风险。发生率的分母（即，对5850名献血者的样本进行了估计。结果：每100万次献血中，感染性献血进入血液供应的风险为1.91（可能范围，0.52-3.32）艾滋病毒，16.74 HCV为9.57-24.01，69.16（43.12-102.70）总HBV（根据疫苗接种和B型肝炎表面抗原一过性调整）。在意大利，TTI的估计剩余风险显然较低，尤其是对于HIV感染。虽然估计的风险更高的丙型肝炎病毒和乙型肝炎病毒，引进强制性病毒检测测试丙型肝炎病毒在2002年应占80%的减少丙型肝炎病毒的风险。此外，正在进行的HBV疫苗接种计划将有助于降低输血传播HBV的风险。
Background: Estimating the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) is essential for monitoring blood safety. The residual risk of TTI was estimated for nearly 90 percent of the blood supply in Italy.Study Design and Methods: Data were analyzed from 1,079,281 repeat donors, corresponding to 5,361,000 donations made in blood transfusion centers throughout Italy in the period 1999 through 2001. The residual risk of transfusion-transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections was estimated with the incidence rate-window period model. The denominator for the incidence rate (i.e., the number of person-years at risk) was estimated on a sample of 5850 donors.Results: The risk of an infectious donation entering the blood supply, per 1 million donations, was 1.91 (probable range, 0.52-3.32) for HIV, 16.74 (9.57-24.01) for HCV, and 69.16 (43.12-102.70) for total HBV (adjusted for vaccination and hepatitis B surface antigen transience).Conclusions: In Italy, the estimated residual risk of TTI is apparently low, particularly for HIV infection. Although the estimated risks are higher for HCV and HBV, the introduction of mandatory viral detection tests for HCV in 2002 should account for an 80 percent reduction in the HCV risk. Moreover, the ongoing HBV vaccination program will contribute to reducing the risk of transfusion-transmitted HBV.