Why Care About Robots? Empathy, Moral Standing, and the Language of Suffering
Why Care About Robots? Empathy, Moral Standing, and the Language of Suffering
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DOI：
10.2478/kjps-2018-0007
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Coeckelbergh, Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Coeckelbergh, Mark
本文试图通过讨论机器人的道德地位问题来理解人类能够同情机器人的现象，以及“滥用”机器人可能有问题的直觉。在回顾了经验心理学中的一些相关工作并讨论了与机器人共情的伦理之后，提出了一个关于机器人道德地位的哲学论点，该论点质疑了关于实体属性的遥远和不加批判的道德推理，并建议首先尝试通过哲学和艺术作品来理解这个问题，这些作品表明道德是如何始终是相关的和历史的。这就突出了语言和外表在道德推理和道德心理学中的重要性。结论是，对关系的关注以及对痛苦的语言和非语言的关注是理解正在调查的现象的关键，在机器人伦理学中，当涉及到思考道德地位时，我们需要更少的确定性，更多的谨慎和耐心。
This paper tries to understand the phenomenon that humans are able to empathize with robots and the intuition that there might be something wrong with "abusing" robots by discussing the question regarding the moral standing of robots. After a review of some relevant work in empirical psychology and a discussion of the ethics of empathizing with robots, a philosophical argument concerning the moral standing of robots is made that questions distant and uncritical moral reasoning about entities' properties and that recommends first trying to understand the issue by means of philosophical and artistic work that shows how ethics is always relational and historical, and that highlights the importance of language and appearance in moral reasoning and moral psychology. It is concluded that attention to relationality and to verbal and non-verbal languages of suffering is key to understand the phenomenon under investigation, and that in robot ethics we need less certainty and more caution and patience when it comes to thinking about moral standing.