Overwintering success in adults of the Japanese common grass yellow Eurema mandarina
Overwintering success in adults of the Japanese common grass yellow Eurema mandarina
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日本普通草黄花柑橘成虫的越冬成功率
DOI：
10.1111/ens.12295
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Numata Hideharu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Konagaya Tatsuro;Yokoi Tomoyuki;Watanabe Mamoru;Numata Hideharu
与必须越冬才能留下后代的雌性相比，雄性生殖滞育的进化是有争议的，因为深秋雄性可以通过越冬前交配获得后代。日本普通牧草黄毛虫适合于研究雄性生殖滞育的进化，因为可以在有和没有表现出生殖滞育的雄性之间进行直接比较。大约一半的雄性对滞育诱导条件不敏感，并以非滞育的夏季形式出现。大多数秋型雌鸟在深秋与夏型雄鸟交配。越冬的雌性在产卵开始之前与秋形雄性重新交配。因为在鳞翅目的精子竞争中，通常是最后一个雄性优先，所以不清楚为什么有一半的雄性在晚秋以夏日的形式出现。如果秋型雌鸟的越冬成功率比秋型雄鸟高，那么夏型羽化的一个潜在的适应性好处就是提高精子越冬的成功率。在本研究中，通过在半自然条件下饲养和标记-释放-再捕获技术，估计了秋形成虫的雌雄越冬成功。这两种方法都估计两性越冬的成功率约为5%。雌雄之间越冬成功率没有差异，说明越冬前交配并不能增加精子越冬成功率。然而，相当低的越冬成功率可能至少在一定程度上解释了夏型雄性在晚秋的存在。越冬成功的程度可能比越冬成功的性别差异在雄性生殖滞育的进化中更重要。
The evolution of reproductive diapause is controversial in males as compared to females that must overwinter to leave offspring, because late‐autumn males can obtain offspring by pre‐overwintering copulation. The Japanese common grass yellowEurema mandarinais suitable to examine the evolution of male reproductive diapause, because direct comparisons are possible between males that do and do not exhibit reproductive diapause. Approximately one‐half of males are insensitive to diapause‐inducing conditions, and emerge as non‐diapause summer‐form. Most autumn‐form females mate with summer‐form males in late autumn. Females that have overwintered re‐mate with autumn‐form males before the onset of oviposition. Because last‐male‐precedence is general in sperm competition in Lepidoptera, it is unclear why half of males emerge as summer‐form in late autumn. A potential adaptive benefit for emerging as summer‐form is increased sperm overwintering success, if autumn‐form females have a higher overwintering success than autumn‐form males. In the present study, overwintering success was estimated for both sexes of autumn‐form adults by rearing under seminatural conditions and a mark–release–recapture technique. Both approaches estimated an overwintering success of approximately 5% for both sexes. The absence of difference in overwintering success between the sexes suggests that pre‐overwintering copulation does not increase sperm overwintering success. However, a considerably low overwintering success may explain, at least partly, the presence of summer‐form males in late autumn. The degree of overwintering success might be more important than the sexual differences of overwintering success in the evolution of male reproductive diapause.