Differential effects of octopamine and tyramine on the central pattern generator for Manduca flight
Differential effects of octopamine and tyramine on the central pattern generator for Manduca flight
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DOI：
10.1007/s00359-008-0404-5
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发表时间：
2009-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Vierk;H. Pflueger;C. Duch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Vierk;H. Pflueger;C. Duch
生物胺，章鱼胺，调节昆虫运动行为的各个方面，包括直接作用于飞行中枢模式发生器。最近的一些研究表明，酪胺，章鱼胺的生物前体，也影响无脊椎动物的运动行为，包括昆虫的飞行。然而，尚不清楚产生中枢模式的网络是否直接受到两种胺，章鱼胺和酪胺的影响。在这项研究中，我们测试了酪胺是否影响了飞蛾（Manduca sexta）飞行的中央模式发生器。本研究在离体腹侧神经索制备中，用章鱼胺激动剂氯甲乙仿进行浴用，以测试酪胺通过药理学操作对飞行中枢模式产生器的潜在影响。结果表明，章鱼胺而不是酪胺足以诱导离体腹侧神经索的有效飞行。在氯乙甲仿诱导的有效飞行过程中，酪胺的选择性应用增加了对抑制运动神经元的突触驱动，增加了每个周期中抑制峰的数量，并减少了抑制期。相反，阻断酪胺受体选择性地降低了抑制性运动神经元的活性，但不影响周期电梯运动神经元的峰值。因此，章鱼胺和酪胺对飞行中枢模式产生网络有不同的影响。
The biogenic amine, octopamine, modulates a variety of aspects of insect motor behavior, including direct action on the flight central pattern generator. A number of recent studies demonstrate that tyramine, the biological precursor of octopamine, also affects invertebrate locomotor behaviors, including insect flight. However, it is not clear whether the central pattern generating networks are directly affected by both amines, octopamine and tyramine. In this study, we tested whether tyramine affected the central pattern generator for flight in the moth,Manduca sexta. Fictive flight was induced in an isolated ventral nerve cord preparation by bath application of the octopamine agonist, chlordimeform, to test potential effects of tyramine on the flight central pattern generator by pharmacological manipulations. The results demonstrate that octopamine but not tyramine is sufficient to induce fictive flight in the isolated ventral nerve cord. During chlordimeform induced fictive flight, bath application of tyramine selectively increases synaptic drive to depressor motoneurons, increases the number of depressor spikes during each cycle and decreases the depressor phase. Conversely, blocking tyramine receptors selectively reduces depressor motoneuron activity, but does not affect cycle by cycle elevator motoneuron spiking. Therefore, octopamine and tyramine exert distinct effects on the flight central pattern generating network.