Evolution of pogo, a separate superfamily of IS630-Tc1-mariner transposons, revealing recurrent domestication events in vertebrates
Evolution of pogo, a separate superfamily of IS630-Tc1-mariner transposons, revealing recurrent domestication events in vertebrates
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POGO（IS630-Tc1-mariner 转座子的一个独立超家族）的进化揭示了脊椎动物中反复出现的驯化事件
DOI：
10.1186/s13100-020-00220-0
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发表时间：
2020-07-08
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Song, Chengyi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao, Bo;Wang, Yali;Song, Chengyi
背景Tc 1/mariner和Zator是IS 630-Tc 1-mariner（ITm）族的两个超家族，已被明确定义。结果pogo转座酶与Tc 1/mariner、DD 34 E/Gambol和Zator转座酶形成4个独立的单系分支，其bootstrap支持率> = 74%，表明它们是ITm组中独立的超家族。pogo超家族具有高度的多样性，有六个不同的家族（Passer，Tigger，pogoR，Lemi，Mover和Fot/Fot-样），分布广泛，扩展到所有真核生物界。它广泛存在于动物和真菌中，但在陆生植物中的分类分布有限。它已入侵几乎所有动物谱系--甚至哺乳动物--并在脊椎动物中反复驯化，拥有12个基因，包括着丝粒相关蛋白B（CENPB）、CENPB DNA结合结构域包含1（CENPBD 1）、Jrk螺旋-转角-螺旋蛋白（JRK）、JRK样（JRKL）、KRA B结构域衍生的pogo转座元件（POGK）和ZNF结构域（POGZ），和Tigger转座元件衍生的2至7（TIGD 2 -7），推断其起源于该超家族。其中两个（JRKL和TIGD 2）似乎已经共同驯化，和其他代表独立的驯化事件。四个基因（TIGD 3，TIGD 4，TIGD 5和POGZ）倾向于代表脊椎动物中的古老驯化，而其他基因仅出现在哺乳动物中，似乎是最近才驯化的。pogo转座子的结构上存在明显的变异，包括靶位点重复（TSD）类型和DDE三联体特征（DD 29 - 56 D）。结论首次系统地揭示了pogo转座子的进化特征，表明pogo和Tc 1/Mariner是ITm组中两个独立的超家族，证明了pogo脊椎动物的重复驯化。这些数据表明pogo转座子在真菌和动物的基因组形成和基因进化中发挥了重要作用。本研究扩展了我们对pogo转座子多样性的理解，更新了ITm组的分类。
Background Tc1/marinerandZator, as two superfamilies ofIS630-Tc1-mariner(ITm) group, have been well-defined. However, the molecular evolution and domestication ofpogotransposons, once designated as an important family of theTc1/marinersuperfamily, are still poorly understood.Results Here, phylogenetic analysis show thatpogotransposases, together withTc1/mariner, DD34E/Gambol, andZatortransposases form four distinct monophyletic clades with high bootstrap supports (> = 74%), suggesting that they are separate superfamilies ofITmgroup. Thepogosuperfamily represents high diversity with six distinct families (Passer,Tigger,pogoR,Lemi,Mover, andFot/Fot-like) and wide distribution with an expansion spanning across all the kingdoms of eukaryotes. It shows widespread occurrences in animals and fungi, but restricted taxonomic distribution in land plants. It has invaded almost all lineages of animals-even mammals-and has been domesticated repeatedly in vertebrates, with 12 genes, including centromere-associated protein B (CENPB), CENPB DNA-binding domain containing 1 (CENPBD1), Jrk helix-turn-helix protein (JRK), JRK like (JRKL),pogotransposable element derived with KRAB domain (POGK), and with ZNF domain (POGZ), andTiggertransposable element-derived 2 to 7 (TIGD2-7), deduced as originating from this superfamily. Two of them (JRKL and TIGD2) seem to have been co-domesticated, and the others represent independent domestication events. Four genes (TIGD3, TIGD4, TIGD5, and POGZ) tend to represent ancient domestications in vertebrates, while the others only emerge in mammals and seem to be domesticated recently. Significant structural variations including target site duplication (TSD) types and the DDE triad signatures (DD29-56D) were observed forpogotransposons. Most domesticated genes are derived from the complete transposase genes; but CENPB, POGK, and POGZ are chimeric genes fused with additional functional domains.Conclusions This is the first report to systematically reveal the evolutionary profiles of thepogotransposons, suggesting thatpogoandTc1/Marinerare two separate superfamilies ofITmgroup, and demonstrating the repeated domestications ofpogoin vertebrates. These data indicate thatpogotransposons have played important roles in shaping the genome and gene evolution of fungi and animals. This study expands our understanding of the diversity ofpogotransposons and updates the classification ofITmgroup.